INTERVENTION

• PSYCHODYNAMIC

  The therapist implements the assessment and treatment by selecting activities that provide the appropriate level of social interaction through activity analysis.
• PSYCHODYNAMIC

  
  

  The therapist should work closely together with the patient’s psychiatrist in directing the patient’s behaviors through activities.
• PSYCHODYNAMIC

  
  

  An important thing that an occupational therapist should work closely on is to catch the symptoms producing unconscious content and then bring it to the consciousness.
• PSYCHODYNAMIC

  
  

  The goal is to resolve the conflict and help the person learn new, more satisfying behavior within the conscious insight.
• BEHAVIORAL

  Occupational Therapists identifies a specific client’s behavior,

  determines the baseline

  performance, designs a data

  collection format, selects a

  reinforcer and reinforcement

  schedule, charts the data and

  finally shapes adaptive behaviors

  that increase occupational

  performance in desired

  occupation.
• MOVEMENT CENTERED

  Aim: Processing sensation and

  moving with more confidence to

  improve feelings about self
• MOVEMENT CENTERED

  Goals:

  ● Normalize tone

  ● Improve motor planning

  ● Activities that would involve full

  body movement

  ● Includes therapeutic activities that

  expect a cognitive response

  ● Alerting and Calming through

  music and movement

  ● Therapeutic activities should not

  require much thought or attention

  and should be pleasurable

  ● Activities chosen that normalize

  movement patterns, strengthen

  upper trunk stability, and increase

  flexibility

  ● Believed that the motor changes

  would improve body image and

  self-confidence, improve

  attentional and social response
• COGNITIVE DISABILITY

  • facilitating
  • probing
  • observing
  • rescuing
  • modify environment
  • advise other professionals and caregivers about the limitations on functional performance that are imposed by cognitive disabilities
• LIFESPAN DEVELOPMENT

  The Occupational Therapist

  arranges a growth-facilitating

  environment for the stimulation of

  age-appropriate behavior and skill

  learning

  ● Mastery of skills and success

  experiences are important

  treatment concepts.

  ● The focus of activities depends on

  the specific theorist.
• MOHO

  6 steps of therapeutic reasoning :

  1. Generating questions about the

  client.

  2. Gathering information on and with

  the client.

  3. Using the information gathered to

  create an explanation gathered of

  the client’s situation.

  4. Generating goals and strategies

  for therapy.

  5. Implementing and monitoring

  therapy.

  6. Determining outcomes OT therapy
• OCCUPATIONAL ADAPTATION

  Achieve mastery over the

  environment.

  ● Client will able to cope with the

  challenges by guiding him through

  occupational adaptation process

  and meaningful occupation.

  ● Promote satisfaction, occupational

  environment in relation to any

  condition.

  ● Emphasize occupational readiness
• ECOLOGY OF HUMAN PERFORMANCE

  1. restore
  2. adapt
  3. alter
  4. prevent
  5. create
• Restore/ Establish: Develop

  and improve skills or abilities
• Adapt/ Modify: Physical(like

  assistive devices) and

  social(like education, social

  support, change schedule)
• Alter: No changes, designed

  to make a better fit (activity

  analysis, environmental

  assessment)
• Prevent: Change before a

  negative outcome occurs
• Create: Design to promote

  and enrich occupational

  performance
• KAWA MODEL

  the client’s views of their realities

  and circumstances should not

  be found to comply with

  someone else’s manufactured

  framework of rigid concepts

  and principles.
• KAWA MODEL

  can recognize the uniqueness of

  each subject’s

  situation.context by using the

  river metaphor as a tool to

  draw out the client’s narrative

  of day-to-day living

  experience.
• KAWA MODEL

  does not become

  dependent on a particular

  measurement tool or

  procedure to inform them of

  what their interventions ought

  to be.
• Spatiotemporal adaptation concepts

  provide a background for intervention

  that can incorporate all the media,

  modalities, and methods used in

  occupational therapy.
• SPATIOTEMPORAL ADAPTATION

  OT provides positioning, selected

  tasks and relationship, active

  participation, technology and

  equipment to promote

  developmentally appropriate adaptive

  responses within the framework of

  building blocks of neuromuscular

  maturation plus the intermingling of

  sequential levels of development.
• REHABILITATIVE

  ● Compensate for disability by

  learning to live with one’s

  capacities in all aspects of life

  ● Adapt the environment to obtain

  independence

  ● Use of adaptive devices,

  environmental modifications,

  wheelchair modifications,

  ambulatory aids, adaptive

  procedures, and safety education
• BIOMECHANICAL

  ● Increasing strength, endurance or

  range of motion.

  ● Reducing pain, swelling, or

  scarring.

  ● Maintaining joint ROM or muscle

  strength.

  ● Enhance development of postural

  reactions by reducing gravitational

  demands and aligning joints.

  ● Preventing deformity or

  contractures.
• SENSORIMOTOR APPROACH: facilitatory and inhibitory
• Facilitatory: slow rolling, neutral

  warmth, deep pressure, tapping, and

  prolonged stretch
• Inhibitory: tactile stimuli, neutral

  warmth, prolonged cooling, prolonged

  stretch, joint approximation, tendon

  pressure, vestibular stimuli
• PROPRIOCEPTIVE NEUROMUSCULAR FACILITATION

  ● Mass movement patterns to

  promote movement such as

  Unilateral & bilateral patterns

  ● Use of sensory stimulation

  including tactile, auditory, and

  visual inputs, is also actively

  incorporated into treatment to

  promote a motor response
• NEURODEVELOPMENTAL TREATMENT

  ● Handling techniques

  ● Inhibitory techniques

  ● Weight bearing over the affected

  limb ( to gain proximal stability to

  produce distal mobility)

  ● Use of positions that encourage

  the use of both sides of the body

  ● Avoidance of any sensory input

  that may adversely affect muscle

  tone