English

• Antagonist: the bad guy or villain from a story
• Conflict: the problem that arises at the climax of a story
• Internal Conflict: the problem that happens with one self, often in one's mind
• External Conflict: the problem that happens with someone else, society, or nature
• Dialect: the character's speech
• Diction: the way a character's dialect is; establishes a distinct tone and voice
• Connotation: the feeling a word/phrase gives in comparison to its actual meaning
• Denotation: the actual meaning of a word; literal definition with no emotions attached
• Dynamic Character: a character that has depth and complexity; changes throughout the story
• Epic Poem: a lengthy poem
• Figurative Language: literary device that uses phrases for humor or exaggeration (ex. similes, metaphors, personification...)
• Flat Character: a character that is relatively unimportant in a story; does not change throughout
• Foreshadowing: subtle hints at what is to come further into the story
• Frame Tale: a story that frames another story (ex. To Kill a Mockingbird)
• Idiom: phrases that are not meant to be taken literally (ex. piece of cake)
• Irony: phrases that differ between the expectation and actual meaning
• Dramatic Irony: audience knows more than the characters
• Situational Irony: the opposite of something that is expected happens
• Verbal Irony: someone says something that is different than the reality of the situation
• Methods of Characterization: ways of describing characters
• Direct Characterization: describes through what is explicitly stated in the text
• Indirect Characterization: describes through thoughts, actions, speech, etc (not explicitly stated in the text)
• 5 Types of Indirect Characterization: speech, thoughts, actions, interactions with other characters, appearance
• Mood: the atmosphere of a story; how the reader feels when reading
• Naive Narrator: a narrator who is not fully mature or has limited knowledge of the plot (ex. Scout in TKAM)
• Plot Structure: a series of events in a story
• Exposition: background information that introduces the setting, characters, etc.
• Rising Action: the events leading the story to the climax
• Climax: the most exciting part; tension is at its highest as a conflict occurs
• Falling Action: the conflict is resolved and moving towards the resolution
• Resolution: the conclusion of a story
• Point of View: who is telling the story/narration
• First Person: narrator is narrating their own story with words like "I," "me," and "my"
• Third Person Limited: the narrator has limited knowledge and only knows what ONE character thinks/feels
• Third Person Omniscient: the narrator knows ALL the characters' thoughts and feelings
• Prose: written work that follows a basic grammatical structure (short stories, novels, scripts, etc)
• Protagonist: the main character in a story; typically the good guy
• Retrospective Narrative: a story being told not at the time that it is happening but after the event
• Rhetorical Devices: technique used to evoke a certain reaction in the audience (used for argumentative purposes)
• Ethos: trustworthiness, credibility (uses celebrities, people with credentials, etc)