CCP FINAL TERMS

• Personality is relatively stable patterns and enduring features of the individual’s behavior and experience.
• Personality is important due to consistency, causation of behavior, organization.
• CCP's role is promoting cultural sensitivity, improving intercultural communication, and fostering a deeper understanding for the complex relationship between culture and psychology, and contribute to a more inclusive and culturally aware society.
• Cultural dimensions: frameworks used to analyze and compare cultural differences across different societies due to cultural norms and beliefs.
• National character is a perceived set of predominant behavioral and psychological features and traits common in most people of a nation.
• Factors affecting national character stereotyping include wealth and poverty, specific events and history of oppression.
• The term self refers to the representation of one’s identity or the subject of experience.
• Ethnic disidentification is the process of detaching an individual’s self from the ethnic group with which they have been previously associated or are currently associated.
• In the GLOBE study, researchers don’t specifically define cross-cultural leadership; rather they outline it in two components: organizational leadership and culture.
• Organizational leadership is the ability of an individual to influence, motivate, and enable others to contribute toward the effectiveness and success of the organizations of which they are members.
• Culture is the shared motives, values, beliefs, identities, and interpretations or meanings of significant events that result from common experiences of members of collectives and are transmitted across age generations.
• Cross-cultural leadership involves influencing and motivating people’s attitudes and behaviors in the global community to reach a common organizational goal.
• Power Distance, related to the different solutions to the basic problem of human inequality;
• Uncertainty Avoidance, related to the level of stress in a society in the face of an unknown future;
• Individualism versus Collectivism, related to the integration of individuals into primary groups;
• Masculinity versus Femininity, related to the division of emotional roles between women and men;
• Long-Term versus Short-Term Orientation, along-term the choice of focus for people's efforts: the future or the present and past
• Indulgence versus Restraint, related to the gratification versus control of basic human desires related to enjoying life
• Adaptive leaders excel in navigating change, demonstrating flexibility, and facilitating innovation within dynamic environments
• Authoritarian leadership has a strong emphasis on hierarchy and clear authority figures
• Paternalistic leadership refers to a hierarchical relationship in which the leader takes personal interest in the workers’ professional and personal lives in a manner resembling a parent, and expects loyalty and respect in return.
• Paternalistic leadership is composed of three main elements: authoritarianism, benevolence, and moral leadership.
• There are 6 core dimensions of competencies of a global leader: cross-cultural relationship skills, traits and values, cognitive orientation, global business expertise, global organizing expertise and visioning.
• Global leadership is “a process of influencing the thoughts, attitudes, and behaviors of a global community to work together synergistically toward a common vision and common goals”.
• Emic Approach: using an insider perspective to study a given culture.
• CCP: field of psychology that studies how culture influences various psychological processes like human behavior, cognition, emotions, and development.
• An international executive is another term for a cross-cultural leader, defined as an executive who is in a job with some international scope, whether in an expatriate assignment or in a job dealing with international issues more generally.
• Culture: shared beliefs, values, customs, behavior, and artifacts that characterize a particular group of people and is transmitted from one generation to next, shaping perception, behavior and identity.
• Cultural Relativity: is a concept that emphasizes the idea that cultural practices and beliefs should be understood and evaluated within the context of their perspective cultures, asserting that there is no universal standard of what is right and what is wrong in culture.
• Transformational leadership is defined as a charismatic leadership style that inspires and motivates followers through a common goal with enthusiasm and support.
• Successful international executives and effective cross-cultural leaders are associated with traits such as General Intelligence, Business Knowledge, Interpersonal Skills, Commitment, Courage, Ease in dealing with cross-cultural issues, Open Personality, Flexibility, Drive, Language Skills, Multicultural Perspective Taking, Knowledge and cognition, Cultural Awareness, Cross-cultural Schema, Cognitive Complexity, and a well-rounded skillset.
• Etic Approach: applying an outsider perspective to study cultures.
• Transactional leadership is characterized by a give and take relationship using rewards as an incentive.
• Cultural Norms: socially accepted rules and expectations that guide the behavior within a specific cultural group, dictating how individuals should behave in various situations, defining what is appropriate and what is inappropriate.
• Collectivist leadership often emphasizes harmony, collaboration, and the well-being of the group over individual interests
• Paternalistic leadership “combines strong discipline and authority with fatherly benevolence and moral integrity couched in a ‘personalistic’ atmosphere