working memory model

• 3 components : central executive , phonological loop , visuo-spatial sketchpad
• working memory model : Baddeley and hitch 1974
• central executive is responsible for controlling the flow of information between other systems, it also controls attention and has limited capacity.
• phonological loop : deals with temp storage of verbal info
• PL : 2 components : articulatory rehearsal system , phonological store
• phonological store : holds limited amount of verbal info for a few seconds, can be extended if the info is rehearsed or refreshed using the articulatory rehearsal system.
• phonological similarity effect : more difficult to remember similar sounding words and letters compared to words and letters that sound different from one another.
• phonological similarity effect : not true for remembering words that had semantic similarity or words that are semantically unrelated . demonstrates that the phonological store relies on acoustic encoding for storage.
• specific language impairment (SLI) : developmental language disorder characterized by the inability to master spoken and

  written language expression and comprehension, despite normal nonverbal

  intelligence, hearing acuity, and speech motor skills, and no overt physical

  disability, recognized syndrome.
• visuo-spatial sketchpad : temporarily holds and manipulates verbal and spatial information. role is to maintain and integrate visual and spatial info from these different channels using visual code.
• episodic buffer : additional component to the model in 2000. acts as a backup store which communicates with both LTM and components of working memory
• functions of the central executive : switching to retrieval plans , timesharing in dual task studies , selective attention to certain stimuli , temp activation of LTM