Structure and Properties of Graphite

• What do atoms which share electrons form?

  Molecules
• Covalent bonds are between...

  Non metals only
• Molecule


  A substance which contains a covalent bond
• Covalent Bonds


  Covalent bonds are formed between atoms which share electrons to form a full outer shell.
• Pencil lead

  They layers of Carbon atoms can slide over one another and leave a mark on the paper
• Conducts electricity

  Carbon compounds have delocalized electrons, allowing them to carry charge and conduct electricity.
• High melting point


  The strong covalent bonds require significant energy to break, resulting in high melting points.
• Insoluble in water


  Due to the strong covalent bonds, carbon compounds do not dissolve in water.
• Can be used as a dry lubricant

  The layers of carbon atoms can slide over one another without disrupting the bonds
• Graphite

  Carbon atoms are held together by extremely strong covalent bonds, in hexagonal rings which tesselate to form 2-dimensional layers. The layers are held together by weak van de Waal's forces of attraction. Each carbon atom forms three strong covalent bonds, leaving one per atom electron delocalised across the layers.