HYDROMETEOROLOGICAL HAZARDS

    Cards (76)

    • What is a flood?
      Rise in water level in a stream
    • What is the typical rate of water level receding during a flood?
      At a slower rate
    • What are the typical causes of floods?
      • Meteorological events (storms, etc.)
      • Seismic activities (earthquakes, etc.)
      • Blasting (due to explosions)
      • Construction of temporary dams
      • Failure and mismanagement of hydraulic structures
    • What are the different types of floods?
      • Flash floods
      • Fluvial floods
      • Coastal floods
      • Estuarine floods
      • Urban floods
    • What causes flash floods?
      Excessive rainfall in less than 6 hours
    • What does "Fluvius" mean in Latin?
      River
    • What causes fluvial floods?
      Exceeding capacity of stream channels
    • What causes coastal floods?
      Storm surges and high winds with tides
    • What causes estuarine floods?
      Interaction of river and saline water flows
    • What causes urban floods?
      Intense rainfall creating rapid runoff
    • What are the effects of floods?
      • Destruction of properties
      • Devastation of agricultural crops
      • Negative impact on livelihoods and economy
      • Loss of lives, injuries, and diseases
      • Possible contamination of water bodies
    • What are the key elements that contribute to flooding?
      • Rainfall intensity and duration
      • Topography
      • Soil condition
    • What is the purpose of monitoring hydrological conditions?
      To analyze flooding risks in water bodies
    • What does a rain gauge measure?
      Amount of precipitation in an area
    • What is the measurement standard for rain gauges in open areas?
      2 feet
    • What is the measurement standard for rain gauges in urban areas?
      5 feet
    • How much precipitation does 1 mm equal in liters per square meter?
      1 liter
    • What is the Isohyetal Method?
      A method for measuring precipitation distribution
    • What is the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO)?
      • Climatic phenomenon with fluctuating ocean temperatures
      • Changes in the atmosphere
      • Phases: El Niño, La Niña, Neutral
    • What are the three phases of ENSO?
      El Niño, La Niña, Neutral
    • What is associated with El Niño?
      Warmer surface waters in eastern Pacific
    • When does El Niño typically start?
      Between December to February
    • What is La Niña?
      Cooling of ocean surface temperatures
    • What occurs during the Neutral phase of ENSO?
      Conditions are near average
    • How do trade winds affect El Niño and La Niña?
      • Normal conditions: easterlies go east to west
      • El Niño: weak easterlies trap heat
      • La Niña: strong easterlies increase evaporation
      • Neutral: opposite conditions occur
    • Where do tropical cyclones occur?
      At the intertropical convergence zone
    • What are the types of tropical cyclones and their locations?
      • Cyclone: Indian Ocean, Southwest Pacific Ocean
      • Typhoon: Northwest Pacific Ocean
      • Hurricane: Atlantic Ocean, Northeast Pacific, Northern Pacific
    • What is the generic term for any intense circulating weather system?
      BAGYO
    • What does PAGASA stand for?
      Philippine Atmospheric Geographical and Astronomical Services Administration
    • What does DOST stand for?
      Department of Science and Technology
    • What does JMA stand for?
      Japan Meteorological Agency
    • What is a typhoon?
      A large storm system with violent winds
    • What are the parts of a typhoon?
      • Eye: calm weather
      • Eye wall: heaviest weather
      • Inner Rainband
      • Outer Rainband
    • What is the intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ)?
      A belt of converging trade winds near the equator
    • Who is Gustave Gaspard Coriolis?
      A scientist associated with the Coriolis Effect
    • How does the Coriolis Effect influence wind direction?
      It causes winds to rotate differently in hemispheres
    • What is a low pressure area?
      When atmospheric pressure is lower than surroundings
    • How is a super typhoon compared to a train?
      It is compared to a bullet train
    • How is a typhoon compared to a train?
      It is compared to a train
    • How is a severe tropical storm compared to a vehicle?
      It is compared to a car
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