HYDROMETEOROLOGICAL HAZARDS

    Cards (65)

    • HYDROMETEOROLOGICAL HAZARDS
      Processes or phenomena of atmospheric, hydrological, or oceanographic nature that may cause loss of life, injury or other health impacts, property damage, loss of livelihoods and services, social and economic disruption, or environmental damage. (UNDRR)
    • Geographic Location
      Reason as to why the Philippines is prone to hydrometeorological hazards
    • The Philippines is part of the Western Pacific Basin.
      It is the most active tropical cyclone basin
    • The Philippines is in the Northern Hemisphere just above the Equator. This is an area where the ITCZ is located.
    • ITCZ
      Intertropical Convergence Zone
    • ITCZ
      Area where trade winds from the Northern hemisphere and Southern hemisphere bring tropical air masses together.
    • ITCZ
      These air masses are warm and humid resulting in the formation of convective clouds and subsequent heavy precipitation during most part of the year
    • Hydrometeorological Hazards Example
      Typhoon Thunderstorm Flood Storm surge El Niño La Niña Rainfall-induced landslide Tornado
    • Typhoon
      Severe weather disturbance characterized by strong winds and heavy rains which revolve around a central low-pressure area
    • The word “typhoon” was most likely derived from the Chinese term “Tai Fung”“ta” meaning big and “fung” meaning wind
    • In Filipino typhoon is known as “bagyo”. Got its name in 1911 after 46 inches of water was accumulated after 24 hours of heavy rains in Baguio.
    • EYE
      a region of mostly calm weather; center of strong tropical cyclones; roughly circular area typically 30–65 km in diameter.
    • EYE WALL
      this surrounds the eye; where the most severe weather occurs
    • RAIN BANDS
      bands of clouds that spiral around the eye wall; heavy rains and winds
    • CORLOLLS EFFECTS & TYPHOONS
      the deflection of an object moving on or near the surface caused by the planet’s spin
    • The direction of typhoons in the northern hemisphere is
      Counterclockwise
    • The direction of typhoons in the southern hemisphere is
      Clockwise
    • Typhoon Formation
      1. Warm water (26°C) rises (water vapor) creating a low-pressure area at the surface of the ocean.
      2. Water vapor cools and condenses forming cumulonimbus clouds.
      3. Cumulonimbus clouds form into long spiraling cloud bands.
      4. Coriolis effect causes incoming winds to swirl around the central area of low pressure.
      5. Drier air from higher altitude is slowly drawn down the center causing a calm “eye”
      6. Typhoon force winds circles in around the eye.
      7. The storm system is pushed along its track by trade winds
    • Tropical Depression
      winds up to 61 kph
    • Tropical Storm
      winds up to 62 to 88 kph
    • Severe Tropical Storm
      winds up to 89 to 117 kph
    • Typhoon
      winds up to 118 to 220 kph
    • Super Typhoon
      winds exceeding 220 kph
    • Signal No. 1
      winds of 30 to 60 kph in the next 24 hours
    • Signal No. 2
      winds of 61 to 120 kph in the next 24 hours
    • Signal No. 3
      winds of 121 to 170 kph in the next 18 hours
    • Signal No. 4
      winds of 171 to 220 kph in the next 12 hours
    • Signal No. 5
      winds of more than 220 kph in the next 12 hours
    • Red Warning (Torrential)

      More than 30 mm rain
    • Orange Warning (Intense)

      15-30 mm rain
    • Yellow Warning
      7.5-15 mm rain (Heavy)
    • Typhoon Angela (Rosing)

      This typhoon was one of the strongest storms to hit the Philippines. This brought winds of up to 260 kms per hour. 936 people lost their lives because of Rosing which battered Bicol and Manila in November 1995.
    • Typhoon Fengshen (Frank)

      This typhoon ripped through the central Philippines in June 2008. This typhoon caused the death of 938 people.
    • Typhoon Nina (Sisang)

      In 1987, this tore through the Bicol region where it caused mudslides down Mayon volcano. 979 people died because of Typhoon ____.
    • Typhoon Amy (Yoyong)

      The floods and landslides caused by ___ in December 1951 killed 991 people when it ripped through the central Philippines.
    • Typhoon Trix (Walding)

      caused floods and landslides in the Bicol region. The devastation caused the death of 995 people back in October 1952.
    • Typhoon Washi (Sendong)

      1,080 people lost their lives when ___ hit northern Mindanao in December 2011. What made this typhoon very deadly was that it hit an area that is not typically visited by typhoons. ___ dumped as much as 50 millimeters of rain, which was as much as what Ondoy dumped in Metro Manila in 2009.
    • Typhoon Mike (Ruping)

      In August 1984, ___ ripped through the central Philippines and caused the death of 1,363 people
    • Typhoon Bopha (Pablo)

      A year after Sendong, Mindanao was again hit by another deadly typhoon. 1,900 people were dead or missing when ___ Mindanao in December 2012. ___ was the strongest tropical cyclone to hit the Philippines that year.
    • Tropical Storm Thelma (Uring)

      In November 1991, flash floods hit Ormoc in Leyte when ___ smashed through the island. This storm killed more than 5,100 people. ___ let loose 150 mm of rain on the Visayas and as much as 580 mm of rain on Leyte.
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