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DRRR HYDROMETEOROLOGICAL HAZARDS
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Created by
Johanna Tayuman
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Cards (74)
What are hydrometeorological hazards?
Processes or phenomena of
atmospheric
,
hydrological
, or
oceanographic
nature that may cause various impacts.
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What impacts can hydrometeorological hazards cause?
They can cause
loss of life
, injury,
property damage
, and social disruptions.
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What is a tropical cyclone?
An
organized
, rotating system of clouds and
thunderstorms
that forms over tropical ocean waters.
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What are the different names for a tropical cyclone based on its location of formation?
Typhoon
in the
Northwest Pacific
,
hurricane
in the
Atlantic
and
East Pacific
, and tropical cyclone in the
Indian Ocean
and
South Pacific
.
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How do the names for tropical cyclones differ based on their formation location?
The name changes based on the
ocean
where the storm forms, but they are essentially the same
phenomenon
.
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What direction does a tropical cyclone spin in the Northern Hemisphere?
Counter-clockwise
or anti-clockwise.
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What direction does a tropical cyclone spin in the Southern Hemisphere?
Clockwise
.
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What are the main parts of a typhoon?
Eye
: The calm center of the typhoon.
Eyewall
: The area with the strongest winds.
Rainbands
: Bands of clouds spiraling into the center.
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What is the purpose of a
Public
Storm
Warning
Signal
(
PSWS
)?
To inform the public about the projected impacts of the storm and when they are expected to occur.
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What is the wind threat for Signal No. 1 in the Modified Tropical Cyclone Warning System?
39-61 km/h
.
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What are the potential impacts of a Signal No. 1 warning?
Minimal
to
minor
damage to
poorly constructed
houses and some damage to
rice crops
.
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What is the wind threat for Signal No. 2 in the Modified Tropical Cyclone Warning System?
62-88 km/h
.
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What are the potential impacts of a Signal No. 2 warning?
Minor
to
moderate
damage to structures and
considerable
damage to
rice crops
.
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What is the wind threat for Signal No. 3 in the Modified Tropical Cyclone Warning System?
89-117 km/h
.
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What are the potential impacts of a Signal No. 3 warning?
Substantial damage to
structures
and heavy damage to
rice crops
.
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What is the wind threat for Signal No. 4 in the Modified Tropical Cyclone Warning System?
118-184 km/h
.
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What are the potential impacts of a Signal No. 4 warning?
Severe damage to
structures
and significant
disruption
to public transportation.
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What is the wind threat for Signal No. 5 in the Modified Tropical Cyclone Warning System?
185 km/h
or higher.
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What are the potential impacts of a Signal No. 5 warning?
Severe to catastrophic damage to
structures
and prolonged
disruption
of services.
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What characterizes a thunderstorm?
Heavy rain and wind accompanied by
lightning
and thunder.
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What is the typical duration of a thunderstorm?
It can last from
30 minutes
to
several hours
.
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What conditions are required for thunderstorm formation?
Moisture
and
rapidly rising
warm air.
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What is the key mechanism in thunderstorm formation?
Convection
is the key mechanism.
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How do updrafts and downdrafts contribute to thunderstorm formation?
They create a balance that allows thunderstorms to form.
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What happens as condensation progresses in a thunderstorm?
The cloud develops and
intensifies
the storm.
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What can cause extensive damage during a storm?
Airborne debris
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Who is at great risk of injury or death during a storm?
People, pets, and livestock exposed to the
wind
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What services will be unavailable for prolonged periods due to a storm?
Electricity,
potable
water supply, and
telecommunications
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What type of disruption will public transportation experience during a storm?
Prolonged
significant
to
severe
disruption
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What will happen to the majority of trees during a storm?
They will be broken,
defoliated
, or unrooted
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What types of plants will be extensively damaged during a storm?
Banana
and similar plants
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What is a thunderstorm characterized by?
Heavy rain and wind accompanied by
lightning
, thunder, sometimes with
hail
and
tornadoes
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How long can a thunderstorm last?
30 minutes
to
several hours
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What conditions are required for a thunderstorm to form?
Moisture
and
rapidly rising
warm air
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What is the key mechanism in thunderstorm formation?
Convection
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What happens when there is a balance of rising air and sinking air in a thunderstorm?
Thunderstorms
form
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What shape do clouds take as condensation progresses in a thunderstorm?
An anvil-like shape, forming
cumulonimbus
clouds
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What can clouds contain that contributes to lightning formation?
Millions
of suspended water droplets and ice particles
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How is a negative charge created in clouds?
Through
collisions
of
water droplets
and
ice particles
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What happens when air becomes sufficiently ionized?
It can become electrically conductive (
plasma
)
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