(CHEM) L2 Types of IMF

• Intermolecular Forces 


  Attractive forces that act between molecules or particles in the solid or liquid states. Generally, these attractive forces are much weaker than bonding forces.
• London Dispersion Force (LDF)

  • Temporary and Weakest of intermolecular forces that can exist between two molecules, but the larger the atoms present, the stronger the dispersion forces.
  • Found in ALL molecules
  • Predominant on NON-POLAR MOLECULES
• Dipole-Dipole Force

  • Attractive forces between polar molecules (molecules that possess dipole moments).
  • STRONGER than the dispersion forces
  • A dipole refers to a molecule that possesses a delocalized positive and negative charge. I
• Coulomb's Law

  • The larger the dipole moment, the stronger the attraction.
• Hydrogen Bond

  • A special type of dipole-dipole interaction between the hydrogen atom in a polar bond. NITROGEN, FLUORINE, and OXYGEN.
• Ion-Dipole Force

  • Attractive force that occur between an ion and a polar molecule.
  • An ion is an atom or group of atoms that holds an electrical charge.
  • Most commonly found in solutions.
• Types of IMFs