Viral, fungal and protist diseases

• What disease is caused by the malaria pathogen?

  Malaria
• How many deaths does malaria cause each year?

  Over 400,000 deaths
• What type of disease is malaria?

  Communicable disease
• What symptoms do people with malaria experience?

  Repeated bouts of fever
• Can malaria be fatal?

  Yes, it can be fatal
• What is the life cycle of the malaria pathogen?

  1. Infected person is bitten by a mosquito
  2. Pathogen enters the mosquito
  3. Mosquito bites another person
  4. Pathogen is transmitted to the new person
• What is the role of the mosquito in malaria transmission?

  It acts as a vector
• What is one way to prevent the spread of malaria?

  Stop mosquitoes from breeding
• Where do mosquitoes breed?

  In still water
• How can we stop mosquitoes from breeding?

  Drain areas of still water
• What is another method to reduce mosquito populations?

  Spray insecticide on still water
• Why is it difficult to eliminate all mosquitoes?

  It's virtually impossible to kill all
• What is one effective way to prevent mosquito bites?

  Sleep under a mosquito net
• How does a mosquito net help prevent malaria?

  It prevents mosquitoes from biting
• What happens if a mosquito net is sprayed with insecticide?

  It kills mosquitoes that land on it
• What are the two main strategies to reduce malaria spread?

  1. Stop mosquitoes from breeding

  • Drain still water
  • Spray insecticide

  1. Prevent mosquitoes from biting humans

  • Sleep under mosquito nets
  • Spray nets with insecticide
• What is the life cycle of the malaria pathogen?

  It involves transmission via mosquitoes
• How can we reduce the spread of malaria?

  By controlling mosquito populations
• What are viruses classified as?

  Pathogens that cause infectious disease
• Can viruses be killed by antibiotics?

  No, viruses cannot be killed by antibiotics
• What are the key facts about measles?

  • Highly infectious disease
  • First symptom: fever
  • Develops red skin rash after three days
  • Spread through droplets from coughs or sneezes
  • Can cause serious complications
  • Most children are vaccinated against it
• What is the first symptom of measles?

  A fever or very high temperature
• How is measles spread?

  Through droplets when an infected person coughs
• What complications can develop from measles?

  Damage to the breathing system or brain
• Why are most children vaccinated against measles?

  To prevent serious complications and fatalities
• What are the key facts about HIV?

  • First symptom: flu-like illness
  • Symptoms disappear after one or two weeks
  • Virus attacks immune system cells
  • Immune system becomes severely damaged
  • Can lead to other infections and cancer
  • Treated with antiretroviral drugs
• What is the first symptom of HIV?

  A flu-like illness
• What happens to the immune system over time with HIV?

  It becomes severely damaged
• What can happen when the immune system is severely damaged by HIV?

  Patient can easily contract other infections
• What is the late stage of HIV called?

  AIDS
• How do antiretroviral drugs help HIV patients?

  They stop the virus from multiplying
• Can antiretroviral drugs cure HIV or AIDS?

  No, they are not a cure
• How is HIV transmitted?

  Through exchange of fluids between humans
• What are two ways HIV can be spread?

  Unprotected sexual intercourse and sharing needles
• What are the two specific infectious diseases in plants discussed?

  Tobacco mosaic virus and rose black spot
• What is tobacco mosaic virus also known as?

  TMV
• What type of infection is TMV?

  A widespread plant infection
• Which plant species can be affected by TMV?

  Tomatoes and other plant species
• What symptom does TMV cause in leaves?

  Discoloration in a mosaic pattern
• How does TMV affect photosynthesis?

  It reduces the rate of photosynthesis