Schizophrenia

    avatar
    Created by
    Katie Proudler

    Cards (50)

    • How many people does it affect?
      1/100
    • How many sufferers attempt suicide?
      40%
    • How many people have chronic SZ?
      25%
    • What is SZ?
      breakdown of communications in the brain
    • What is a positive synptom? give an example
      adding to behaviours
      Hallucinations/ Delusions
    • what is a negative symptom? give an example
      loss of usual experience
      poverty of speech
      aviliton
    • why are black people more likely to suffer?

      Racism
      lack of good healthcare
    • what does DSM stand for?

      Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
    • what does ICD stand for?
      International Classification of Diseases
    • what did Cheniaux study?
      reliability of diagnosis
    • what did Soderberg study?
      DSM concordance rates (81%)
    • What did Nilsson study?ICD concordance (60%)
    • what is co-morbidity?
      2 conditions co-exist
    • What is symptom overlap?
      2 or more conditions have the same symptoms
    • what did Ellison and Ross find?
      people with Dissosciative identity disorder have more SZ symptoms than people with SZ
    • What did Ketter find?
      misdiagnosis led to delay in receiving treatment
    • Is there cultural bias?
      Yes, cultural differences
    • Is there gender bias?
      yes, Men have a higher diagnosis than women
    • Give examples of biological explanations
      Genetics
      Adoption research
      Neural correlates
      Dopamine Hypothesis
    • What did Gottesman study?
      genetics - MZ & DZ twins
    • What was the concordance rates in Gottesman?
      MZ -48%
      DZ - 17%
    • what did Kety and Ingram find ?
      SZ 10x more common in those whose mothers are biological than those who are adoptive
    • what did ripke suggest?
      Sz is polygenetic - many genes are involved
    • The Hypodoperminergia has…
      low levels of dopamine
      low activity in D1 receptors
    • the Hypodopaminergia is related to
      -ve symptoms
    • the hyperdopaminergia has…

      high levels of dopamine
      high activity
    • the hyperdpaminergia is related to…
      +ve symptoms
    • where did Juckel measure activity in brain?
      striatum
    • In the striatum there is…
      low activity - increases severity of symptoms and vice versa
    • What did Curran suggest?
      amphetamines increase dopamine levels which can produce SZ symptoms in non-sufferers
    • what can drugs lead to?
      hallucinations/delusions
    • what do anti-psychotic drugs lead to
      reduced dopamine
    • what is the most common treatment?
      Antopsychotics
    • name an example of a Typical antipsychotic
      Chlorpromazine
    • what does Typical antipsychotics do?
      Acts against dopamine
      at the D1 receptor
      reduces positive symptoms
    • what effect do typical antipsychotics give people?
      sedative effects
    • Name an example of an atypical antipsychotic
      clozapine
    • what do Atypical antipsychotics do?
      target glutamate and serotonin
      improves mood
      used when someone at high risk of suicide
      causes blood condition
    • What did Thornley do?
      tested effectiveness of drug treatments
      better performance rates
    • what are some serious side effects?
      drymouth
      lethargy
      constipation
      confusion
      tradive dyskinesia
      weight gain
      diabetes
    See similar decks