Trends and issues
Subdecks (3)
Cards (46)
- Population is defined as a group of individuals of the same species living and interbreeding within a given area
- Demography is the study of the size, territorial distribution, and composition of population, including changes in natality, mortality, migration, and social mobility
- The difference between population and demography is that population refers to people living within a political or geographical boundary, while demography is the study of human populations and how they change
- Demographic analysis focuses on studying changes in the size, growth rates, and composition of a population
- Factors that affect population distribution:
- Physical factors:
- Shape and height of land
- Resources
- Climate
- Human factors:
- Political stability
- Social preferences
- Economic opportunities
- The major reason for population changes is the change in birth and death rates. When birth rates exceed death rates, the population increases
- Demographic Transition Model:
- Stage 1: High birth and death rates, population remains fairly constant
- Stage 2: Introduction of modern medicine lowers death rates, rapid population growth
- Stage 3: Birth rates decrease due to improved economic conditions, population growth continues at a lower rate
- Stage 4: Low birth and death rates, stabilizing the population
- Possible Stage 5: Fertility rates fall significantly below replacement level, elderly population exceeds the youthful population
- Human migration is the movement of people from one place to another, reflecting changing world conditions and impacting cultural landscapes
- Types of migration:
- Internal migration
- External migration
- Emigration
- Immigration
- Return migration
- Seasonal migration
- Reasons for migrating:
- Push factors: negative aspects that make people want to move
- Pull factors: positive aspects that attract people to move
- Total fertility rate represents the number of children that would be born to a woman if she were to live to the end of her childbearing years and bear children according to age-specific fertility rates
- Adolescent birth rate is the annual number of births to women aged 15-19 per 1,000 women in that age group
- Life expectancy estimates the average age members of a population group will be when they die
- Child mortality rate refers to the probability of dying between birth and exactly five years of age per 1,000 live births
- Consequences of population growth include:
- Investment
- Overuse of resources
- Urbanization
- Per Capita Income
- Standard of Living
- Agricultural Development
- Employment
- Social Infrastructure
- Labor Force
- Capital Formation
- Environmental Damage
- Impact on the World Economy
- Rankings of the world's ten most populous countries
- Population statistics for Southeast Asia and the Philippines