Global Burden of Disease (GDB) is a measure of total health loss from hundreds of diseases and injuries that provides insight into the health status of different populations around the world.
GDB quantifies the burden of premature mortality and disability for major diseases or disease groups by countries. Data can be broken down by age, sex, and race.
Group 1 of the GDB includes communicable diseases, and maternal, neonatal, and nutritional conditions.
Group 1 of GDB represent 2 out of every 10 deaths that occur globally. They occur in low-income populations due to inadequate access to healthcare (preventative).
Group 2 of GDB include non-communicable disease
Group 2 of GBD account for about 7 out of 10 deaths globally. Non-communicable diseases account for 41% of deaths in low SDI regions, and 88% in high SDI regions.
Group 3 of GDB includes injuries.
Group 3 of GDB represent roughly 1 in 10 deaths that occur globally. 12% overall male deaths compared to 6% overall female deaths.
The socio-demographic index (SDI) is a good comparison because it takes into account the income per person, educational attainment, and fertility rate.
Disability Adjusted Life Years (DALY) is a measure of overall disease burden, which is expressed as the cumulative number of years lost due to ill-health, disability, or early death.
Years Lived with Disability (YLD) is calculated by multiplying the years a person has a condition that affects their quality of life. The conditions each have a weighting factor.
Years of Lost Life (YLL) is another component of DALY, and calculates premature mortality. It is calculated with this formula: (number of deaths) x (life expectancy - age of death). Places more burden on illnesses that result in early mortality because dying young has a bigger impact on the individual and society at large
The Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME) is an independent population health research center at UW medicine that provides measurement of the world's most important health problems and evaluates strategies used to address them