behaviourist approach

    Cards (30)

    • behaviourism is known as the learning theory of behaviour
    • asusmptions - all behaviour is learnt - animals and humans learn in the same way - the mind is irrelevant
    • mind is irrelevant - quantifiable behaviour is the main thing that is observed
    • animals and humans learn in the same ways - we can generalise animal studies
    • classical conditioning - pavlov
    • pavlovs dogs - conditioned to associate a bell ringing with food
    • principles of classical conditioning - generalisation - discrimination - extinction - spontaneous recovery - higher order conditioning
    • generalisation - when stimuli similar to the original cs produces the cr
    • discrimination - stimuli similar to the original cs doesn't produce the cr
    • extinction - when cr isn't produced as a result of the cs
    • spontaneous recovery - when a previously cr is produced in response to cs
    • higher order conditioning - when a new cs produces cr becuase it is associated with cs
    • operant conditioning - skinner
    • posiitve reinforcement - desirable is obtained in response to doing something good
    • negative reinforcement - when something is removed
    • skinner - rat box
    • watson - little albertyy study - 9 month old baby - importance of environment in learning behaviour
    • conditioning watson - white rat shown with loud noise to make him jumper
    • watson fear response - after the rat and noise were paired together the baby started to cry at the rat
    • operant conditioning - learnt by trial and error
    • skinner box - tested oeprant conditioning
    • reinforcement - consequence of behaviour results in increased liklihood of behaviour being repeated
    • positive reinforcement - added something which increased liklihood of behaviour being repeated
    • negative reinforcement - something is removed
    • punishment - decreases liklihood of repeating a behaviour
    • pros - development of laws and predictions with practical application
    • pro - use of objective and scientific method
    • con - ethical ussues - practical application to controling behaviour
    • cons - animal studies are less generalisable
    • deterministic - behaviour is environmentally determined - no free will
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