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bio paper 2
cell cycles chromosomes mitosis
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Cards (12)
All
multicellular eukaryotic
organisms require a
continuous supply
of
new cells
for
growth
,
development
, and
repair
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Cell cycle
:
life cycle
of a
cell
from the time it is made to the time it
divides
into
two new cells
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Three main stages of the cell cycle:
Growth
DNA replication
Mitosis
and
division
(
cytokinesis
)
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During
growth
stage, the cell
increases
in
size
and the number of
subcellular
structures it
contains
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DNA
is
duplicated
during
DNA replication
stage so that each
new cell
will have a
full set
of
DNA
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DNA
condenses
into chromosomes during
preparation
for
division
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Chromosomes
are
packets
of
DNA
containing
genes
that control different
characteristics
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Eukaryotic cells have
two
copies of each chromosome, one from the
mother
and one from the
father
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Humans have
23
pairs of chromosomes, totaling
46
chromosomes
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During
division
, all
46
chromosomes line up along the
center
of the cell
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Spindle fibers
attach to each
chromosome
and pull them to
opposite
sides of the cell, breaking them in
half
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Cytokinesis:
cell membrane
and
cytoplasm
pull apart, forming two
daughter cells
with the same
DNA
as the
parent
cell
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