cell cycles chromosomes mitosis

    Cards (12)

    • All multicellular eukaryotic organisms require a continuous supply of new cells for growth, development, and repair
    • Cell cycle: life cycle of a cell from the time it is made to the time it divides into two new cells
    • Three main stages of the cell cycle:
      • Growth
      • DNA replication
      • Mitosis and division (cytokinesis)
    • During growth stage, the cell increases in size and the number of subcellular structures it contains
    • DNA is duplicated during DNA replication stage so that each new cell will have a full set of DNA
    • DNA condenses into chromosomes during preparation for division
    • Chromosomes are packets of DNA containing genes that control different characteristics
    • Eukaryotic cells have two copies of each chromosome, one from the mother and one from the father
    • Humans have 23 pairs of chromosomes, totaling 46 chromosomes
    • During division, all 46 chromosomes line up along the center of the cell
    • Spindle fibers attach to each chromosome and pull them to opposite sides of the cell, breaking them in half
    • Cytokinesis: cell membrane and cytoplasm pull apart, forming two daughter cells with the same DNA as the parent cell
    See similar decks