Save
Enzymes
Save
Share
Learn
Content
Leaderboard
Learn
Created by
Val
Visit profile
Cards (30)
Enzymes are
proteins
that are involved in all
metabolic
reactions, they function as
biological
catalysts.
Each enzyme has an
active site
that has a
complementary shape
to its
substrate.
The properties of enzymes:
All enzymes are
protein
Enzymes are made
inactive
by
high
temperatures
Enzymes work best at
optimum
temperature and pH
Enzymes are
catalysts
Enzymes are
specific
Cells create
enzymes
based on
instructions
carried in the cells'
genes.
Enzymes
speed up
reactions by
lowering
the
activation energy.
The
activation energy
is needed to start a reaction
Enzymes are
protein molecules
and made up of
amnio acids.
Denature
is the state of an enzyme when it
loses
its
shape
or has been irreversibly
damaged.
Intracellular enzymes
are enzymes that works inside the cells
Extracellular cells
are enzymes that are made
inside
the cell and then
released
from the cell
Factors that affect the rate of reaction:
Temperature
pH
Surface Area
Pressure
Enzyme Concentration
Substrate concentration
Anabolic reactions
: Build up
large
molecules from
smaller
molecules and usually requires
energy.
Catabolic reactions:
break down large
molecules into
smaller
molecules, and often
release energy
Catalase: an enzyme that
catalyzes
the breaks down of
hydrogen peroxide
into
water
and
oxygen
Catalyst: a
substance
that
increases
the
rate
of a chemical reaction and is
not changed.
Catalyse
: to make a chemical reaction happen more
quickly
Pectinase
: group of enzymes that breaks down
pectin.
Trypsin:
proteolytic
enzyme secreted in
pancreatic
juice and breaks down
proteins
into
amino acids..
Pepsin:
digestive
enzyme in
stomach
, breaks down
protein
into
polypeptides.
Substrate: the
substance
that an
enzyme
causes to
react.
Active site
: The part of an
enzyme molecule
to which the substrate
temporarily
binds
Biuret
test would give a
positive
result for testing a solution containing only
enzyme.
A reaction controlled by an enzyme happens more
slowly
as temperature
decreases
because the enzyme and substrate molecules have
less
kinetic energy.
The
smaller
molecules from which an enzyme molecule is made are
amino acids.
Pepsin + protein =
polypeptides
Catalase + Hydrogen peroxide =
water
+
oxygen
Protease + proteins =
amino acids
Lipases + Fats n oils =
Fatty acids
+
glycerol
Amylase + Starch =
Maltose
Maltase + Maltose =
Glucose