exam 2

• Formed elements of blood are WBC, RBC, and platelets
• Functions of blood: Carries nutrients and oxygen, remove wastes, defense, maintain homeostasis and chemical balance
• A Hematocrit measures the % of RBC
• In normal blood 45% of sample is erythrocytes
• Anemia is decrease hematocrit
• An elevated hematocrit is callled polycythemia
• Blood is red because of hemoglobin pigment
• Normal hematocrit values for females rangefrom 37 to 47, for males, hematocrit ranges from42 to 52
• less oxygen saturation means darker color, more is lighter/brighter
• blood is viscous (thick)
• normal blood temp in 38 degrees celcius, ph is about 7.4
• Blood makes up 8 percent of adult body weight with adult malestypically averaging about 5-6 liters of blood and females averaging 4–5 liters
• plasma is 92% water
• Plasma Proteins include Albumin, Fibrinogen, and Globulin
• Albumin is the most abundant plasma protein produced by the liver
• Globulins are 2nd most common. alpha and beta transport iron while gamma works with antibodies
• fibrinogen helps with the normal clotting of blood
• The process by which blood cell replacement occurs iscalled hemopoiesis, or hematopoiesis
• hemopoiesis occurs in the yolk sac ofthe developing embryo, and continuing in the fetalliver, spleen, lymphatic tissue, and eventually the redbone marrow
• In children, hemopoiesis can occur in the medullarycavity of long bones