nutr chapter 5

• plants produce glucose during photosynthesis
• monosaccharides- simple, single sugars
• disaccharides- simple, double sugars
• polysaccharides- simple sugars with many glucose molecules
• glucose is the most abundant sugar
• glucose= blood sugar
• fructose is found in fruits vegtables honey and high fructose corn syrup
• galactose is combined with glucose to form lactose
• disaccharides are linked together in a condensation reaction
• maltose is 2 glucosee molecules foond in seeds and alc
• galactose= monocacharide
• fructose= monosaccharide
• galactose= monosaccharide
• maltose= disaccharide
• sucrose= disaccharie
• sucrose has 1 glucose and one fructose
• lactose= disacchharide
• lactose is one glucose and one galactose
• oligosacchharides= raffinose and stachhyose
• starch and glycogen= polysaccharides
• fiberr= polysaccharide
• amylose- breaks down starch
• amylopectin- breaks down starchh
• glycogen= digestable polysaccharides
• fiber is indigestable
• insoluble fibers are indigestable polysaccharides that don't dissolve in water and are found in seeds and whole grains
• soluble fibers are indigestible polysaccharides dissolve in water and are found in oat bran, fruits, legumes, and psyllium
• nutritive sweeteners can be metabolized to yield energy
• monosaccharides are nutritive sweeteners
• sugar alcohols are nutritive sweeteners
• non-nutritive/ alternative sweeteners don't provide energy
• limit of non-nutritive sweeteners is determined an adi
• sacchharin is a non-nutritive sweetener
• aspartame is a non-nutritive sweetener
• sucralose is a non-nutritive sweetener
• stevia is a non-nutritive sweetener
• recommended daily carb intake is 45-65% of total energy intake
• rda for carbs is 130g per day
• ai for fiber is 25g for women and 38g for men
• whole-wheat flour must be listed first