biological approach

• genotype - physical and behavioural characteristics
• phenotype - expression of characteristics
• twin studies - mz and dz twins compare concordance
• concordance - liklihood of developing characteristic if twin has it
• diathesis stress - enviornemntal stressor and genetic vulnerability
• evolution - development of successsive generations of natural organisms due to adaption to environement
• natural selection - darwin - survival of fittest
• inherited characteristics - physical or behavioural
• endocrine system - chemcial messaging system through body that releases hormones
• pituitary gland - master gland - controls release of hormones in other glands
• adrenal gland - releases adrenaline - fight or flight response
• reflex arc - collection of cells that transmit info from source and make response happen
• sensory - send info from other senses to brain
• relay - connect with other neurones interpreting meanign and response
• motor neurones - send mesages from brain to muscles
• synapse - action potential travels down presynaptic - vesticles release neurotransmitter into synpatic cleft - neurotransmitters detected
• neurotransmitters - chemcial messagers - onhibitory or exhitatotry
• summation - net effect of inhibitory of excitatoy influences
• ns - coollection of nerve cells accross the body
• peripheral nervous system - collection of nerve cells accross the body
• cns - brain and spinal cord
• brain stem - regulates basic functions like heartrate
• cerebellum - recieves info from sensory systems
• cerebral cortex - largest area of brain - skin layer
• occipital lobe - visual stimuli
• parietal lobe - regulates sensory info
• temporal lobe - aiditory perception
• frontal lobe - predicts future consequences
• cons - biological determinism
• cons - biologicla reductionism
• cons - nature only
• pro - objective
• pro - practical application to drug therapy