How does the Ghosts change scrooge?

• An upsetting sight linked to Scrooge's school days.

  Scrooge as a lonely schoolboy.
• An upsetting sight that reminds Scrooge of his sibling.

  with his sister when she was still alive.
• An upsetting sight that reminds Scrooge of his father.

  Scrooge and his sister talking about their strict father.
• An upsetting sight related to Scrooge's love life as a young man.

  Scrooge allowing Belle to break off their engagement.
• An upsetting sight that shows Scrooge what his life could have been like.

  Belle with her new devoted husband and loving family.
• Role model for Scrooge

  Mr Fezziwig is both a businessman and a generous person.
• The Ghost Of Christmas Past's direct contact with Scrooge when it tells him off.

  Chastises Scrooge over the issue of wearing its cap.
• The Ghost Of Christmas Past's direct contact with Scrooge when he displays emotion.

  Challenges Scrooge when he displays emotion.
• The Ghost Of Christmas Past's direct contact with Scrooge when he shows Scrooge his former employer.

  Reverse psychology when talking about Fezziwig.
• The Ghost Of Christmas Past's direct contact with Scrooge when it ignores him.

  Ignores Scrooge's protestations.
• The Ghost Of Christmas Past's direct contact with Scrooge when it reminds him that Scrooge's actions are the reality.

  Reminds Scrooge he's only showing him the past, he's not making anything up.
• Key quote for upsetting sight as a school boy

  Stave 2 "A solitary child, neglected by his friends."
• Key quote for upsetting sight regarding his sister

  Stave 2 "I have come to bring you home, dear brother!"
• Key quote to show the strictness of Scrooge's father

  Stave 2 "Father is so much kinder than he used to be,"
• Key quote to show how Scrooge felt about breaking off his engagement to Belle.

  Stave 2 "you will dismiss the recollection of it, gladly, as an unprofitable dream,"
• Key quote to show how marrying Belle and having children could have changed Scrooge's life.

  Stave 2 "might have called him Father, and been a spring-time in the haggard winter of his life"
• Key quote for Fezziwig as a role-model.

  Stave 2 "The happiness he gives is quite as great as if it cost a fortune."
• Key quote for the Ghost's direct contact with Scrooge over the issue of it wearing a cap.

  Stave 2 "What!... Would you so soon put out, with worldly hands, the light I give?"
• Key quote for the Ghost challenging Scrooge when he displays emotion.

  Stave 2 "Your lip is trembling... And what is that upon your cheek?"
• Key quote for the Ghost using reverse psychology when talking about Fezziwig.

  Stave 2 " He has spent but a few pounds... Is that so much that he deserves this praise?"
• Key quote to show how the Ghost ignored Scrooge's protests about seeing his past.

  Stave 2 "the relentless Ghost pinioned him in both his arms, and forced him to observe what happened next"
• Key quote for when the Ghost shows Scrooge his past and reminds him that he's not making anything up.

  Stave 2 "they are what they are, do not blame me!"
• Key vocabulary used to describe the Ghost of Christmas past.

  challenging, eerie, ethereal, fair, firm, fluctuating, gentle, glowing, illuminating, incandescent, luminous, mild, mutable, otherworldly, relentless, stern, strange, unearthly.
• "I wear the chain I forged in life" - Present tense "wear" shows the ongoing drudgery of acting out the consequences of being a miser. The verb "forged" implies Marley's actions in life had dire implications in death- he made it himself. "Chain"- noun- used as a symbol and metaphor for consequences of selfishness- he's a prisoner, tied down and forced to walk the earth. "Trembled" stresses the fear that Scrooge has as he hears of Marley's afterlife. The repetition of "more" suggests fear intensifying.
• "cash boxes...ledgers...and heavy purses wrought in steel" - Chain is shackled to Marley and acts as a great metaphor or symbol- represents how Marley's greed in life, his mercenary values, are punished in the afterlife. Literally and metaphorically, Marley is "weighed" down in death by his sins in life
• "They had better do it and decrease the surplus population""Are there no prisons?...Are there no workhouses?"- Ghost of Christmas present - Shows Scrooge how heartless and cruel his words were by throwing them back at him
• In "A Christmas Carol," the Ghost of Christmas Present refers to a boy named Ignorance and a girl named Want, who symbolically represent the forgotten, impoverished poor without actual names, dehumanizing them
• Dickens believed that educating the poor was crucial to break the cycle of poverty, with "Ignorance" possibly also alluding to the oblivious rich
• "Want" symbolizes the damaging effects of poverty, particularly hunger, with the capital letters emphasizing a deeper allegorical meaning
• The imperative mood around "Beware" in the text heightens the Ghost's intention to raise Scrooge's awareness of his responsibility to others