𝐡𝐢𝐬𝐭𝐨𝐫𝐲

• Oliver Cromwell


  “Lord Protector.” Ruled England 1653-1658 after the Civil  War. Very unpopular.
• Charles II


  Son of the executed Charles I. Argued with Parliament  about tax and religion.
• James II


  Charles II’s younger brother. Catholic. Unpopular with  Parliament because he was the wrong religion.
• William III & Mary II


  James II’s daughter and her Dutch husband. Protestant.  Asked to replace the Catholic James
• Anne I


  James II’s younger daughter. Protestant. First Monarch of  the United Kingdom.
• George I


  German Protestant cousin, made monarch after Anne to  avoid the throne going to a Catholic.
• James Stuart

  “The Old Pretender.” James II’s Catholic son.
• Charles Stuart


  “The Young Pretender.” James II’s Catholic grandson
• Who was George Washington?

  commander of the American Revolutionary Army and the first president of the USA (13 colonies)
• How did Louis XVI (16th) rule?

  he ruled as an absolute monarch, keeping as much power as possible to himself
• How did Napoleon Bonaparte become Emperor of the French?

  Napoleon was a very skilled general who defeated France's military rivals; with the help of political allies, he had himself crowned Emperor in 1804
• Who was Toussaint Louverture?

  He was a former enslaves worker who led the fight for Haitian independence and became its first Governor-General