Purposive Comm.

• Communication


  The process of transmitting information and common understanding from one person to another
• Language


  A system of conventional spoken, manual, or written symbols by means of which human beings, as members of a social group and participants in its culture, express themselves
• Functions of language


  • Communication
  • Expression of identity
  • Play
  • Imaginative expression
  • Emotional release
• Language


  • Has a system of rules (grammar)
  • Has a sound system (phonology)
  • Has a vocabulary (lexicon)
• Mother tongue/First language


  Languages acquired while growing up
• Second language


  Other languages needed for various reasons
• Context in communication


  The circumstances in which communication occurs, such as the setting, values of participants, and message relevance
• Types of communication according to mode

  • Verbal-non-verbal
  • Visual
• Effective communication calls for the blending of verbal and non-verbal communication
• Verbal-non-verbal communication


  • Door-to-door sales persons demonstrating product knowledge with proper gestures and facial expressions
• Visual communication


  Communication that uses visuals to convey information and/or messages
• Visual communication


  • Signs
  • Symbols
  • Imagery
  • Maps
  • Graphs
  • Charts
  • Diagrams
  • Pictograms
  • Photos
  • Drawings or illustrations
  • Various forms of electronic communication
• Visual communication


  • Traffic light colors - red, yellow, green
• Types of communication according to context

  • Intrapersonal
  • Interpersonal
• Intrapersonal communication


  Communication with one's self, including self-talk, acts of imagination and visualization, and recall and memory
• Intrapersonal communication


  • Reflecting on one's own values, goals, and preferences to choose between two job offers
• Interpersonal communication


  Communication between two people, involving talking and listening
• Interpersonal communication


  • Chatting with friends, having a heart-to-heart with family, small talk with a stranger
• Communication is to the organization as blood is to the body. The success of all the functions of management depends upon the effective communication
• The communication process is a simple to complex process depending on the situation. The elements should also be present in order to successfully make a successful communication process
• Elements of Communication Process

  • Sender
  • Message
  • Encoding
  • Media
  • Decoding
  • Receiver
  • Feedback
  • Noise
• Communication process


  1. The sender formulates the message

  2. He encodes or translates his message

  3. He selects an appropriate channel or medium

  4. The message is received by the receiver

  5. Received message is decoded by the receiver

  6. The receiver sends his response to the sender
• Communication follows a process
• Elements of Communication


  • Sender
  • Message
  • Encoding
  • Media
  • Decoding
  • Receiver
  • Feedback
  • Noise
• In communication, there are set of rules or guidelines which are necessary to be followed in order to ensure effectiveness and proper communication
• General Principles of Effective Communication

  • Know your purpose in communicating
  • Know your audience
  • Know your topic
  • Adjust your speech or writing to the context of the situation
  • Work on the feedback given to you
• Principles of Effective Oral Communication

  • Be clear with your purpose
  • Be complete with the message you deliver
  • Be concise
  • Be natural with your delivery
  • Be specific and timely with your feedback
• Principles are consideration in the communication process. These principles will ensure effectiveness along the communication process
• Ethics is defined as a set of rules or guidelines; these are theories as to which is right or wrong
• Communication ethics emphasizes that morals influence the behavior of an individual, group, or organization thereby affecting their communication
• Ethical Principles of Communication

  • Completeness
  • Concreteness
  • Courtesy
  • Correctness
  • Clarity
  • Consideration
  • Conciseness
• Observing a code of ethics is essential as it determines the kind of behavior that is proper and desirable over one that is displeasing and offensive
• A code of ethics sets the standards to be observed by a person or a company that will create a good reputation or a positive image not only for an individual but also for the organization
• It will, therefore, pave the way for the attainment of the desired results leading to the success of an individual or the entire company. Success in decision-making will likewise impact the company's reputation