8.2 - Properties of Acids and Bases

• Acid Reaction with Metals

  Acids react with most metals to produce hydrogen gas and a salt, following the general formula:

  $Acid +$$Metal \rightarrow Salt +$$H_2(g)$
• Acid Reaction with Base

  Acids and bases can neutralise each other to form water and a salt, as in the reaction:

  $HCl(aq) +$$NaOH(aq) \rightarrow NaCl(aq) +$$H_2O(l)$
• Acid Reaction with Carbonates

  Acids react with carbonates and bicarbonates to produce carbon dioxide gas, water, and a salt, e.g.

  $2HCl(aq) +$$Na_2CO_3(aq) \rightarrow 2NaCl(aq) +$$H_2O(l) +$$CO_2(g)$
• Acids and Bases Reaction with Indicators

  Acids turn blue litmus paper red, while bases turn red litmus paper blue.