SAC 1B - Biomechanics

• Momentum = mass x velocity
• Force Summation - The correct timing and sequencing of body segments and muscles through a range of motion.
• Force Summation Body Parts - Using as much body parts as possible.
• Force Summation Sequence - Using correct sequence of body parts with heavier and slower body parts first then lighter and faster body parts.
• Force Summation Stabilisation - Body parts must be stabilised so that momentum is not lost.
• Newton's 1st Law of motion (Inertia) - An object will stay at rest or continue to travel in the same direction at a constant velocity unless acted on by an unbalanced force.
• Newton's 2nd Law of motion (acceleration) - The rate of acceleration of a body is directly proportional to the force applied and in the direction in which the force is applied. Force = mass x acceleration
• Newton's 3rd Law of motion (Action/Reaction) - For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.
• Impulse - The measurement of the change of momentum in a body. Impulse = force x time.
• Factors of Projectile Motion - Height of release, angle of release and speed of release.
• Height of Release - the projectile will travel further when released from a higher point.
• Speed of Release - The greater the speed, the further the projectile will travel.
• Angle of release - optimal angle of 45 degrees
• Levers - ARF
• Mechanical Advantage - The measurement of the amplification of force from the lever. Mechanical advantage = Force arm/resistance arm.
• Equilibrium - A state in which there is a balance of forces or influences in opposition to each other.
• Stability - The degree to which a body resists changing its equilibrium.
• Balance - The ability to control the state of equilibrium.
• How to increase Stability/balance - Lower centre of gravity, increase base of support and keep line of gravity within base of support.