SKINCARE

• Skin type


  Neither too dry nor too oily, regular texture, no imperfections, clean and soft appearance, does not need special care
• Dry skin


  • Feeling of tightness and roughness, may acquire ashy gray color, desquamation, itching, redness and small cracks
• Oily skin


  • Porous, humid and bright appearance, caused by excessive fat production by sebaceous glands, usually determined by genetic and/or hormonal causes
• Sensitive skin


  • More prone to react to stimuli, fragile skin, accompanied by feelings of discomfort such as heat, tightness, redness or itching
• Cleansers are facial care products used to remove make-up, dead skin cells, oil, dirt, and other pollutants from the skin of the face
• Cleansers help to unclog pores and prevent skin conditions such as acne
• Cleansers are the first step in a skin care regimen and can be used in addition to a toner and moisturizer, following cleansing
• Bar soap


  Has an alkaline pH (9-10), while skin's surface pH is 4, can change the balance and favor bacterial overgrowth, leading to acne
• Bar soap


  Contains thickeners that can clog pores, leading to acne
• Bar soap


  Removes natural oils from the skin, causing the sebaceous glands to overproduce oil, leading to clogged pores
• Facial Cleansers


  • Cream cleansers
  • Foam cleansers
  • Oil cleansers
  • Gel cleansers
  • Clay cleansers
  • Micellar cleansers
  • Powder cleansers
  • Bar cleansers
  • Cleansing mitts/clothes/wipes
  • Charcoal cleansers
  • Honey cleansers
  • Vitamin C cleansers
• Cream cleansers


  Contain emulsifiers and natural oils to effectively lock moisture in, while eliminating impurities and preventing skin inflammation
• Foam cleansers


  Remove excess and unnecessary oil from the skin's surface, preventing the formation of acne
• Oil cleansers


  Can help wash away normal dirt and debris as well as hard-to-remove makeup, while helping to moisturize the skin
• Gel cleansers


  Provide a lighter cleaning experience, which makes them ideal for sensitive skin types
• Exfoliating is the process of removing dead skin cells from the surface of your skin using a chemical, granular substance, or exfoliation tool
• Exfoliating can help prevent dry, flaky patches and clogged pores
• Benefits of exfoliation


  • Improves the appearance of skin, leaving it brighter and improving the effectiveness of topical skin care products by enhancing absorption
  • Can prevent clogged pores, resulting in fewer breakouts
  • Can increase collagen production, promoting skin elasticity and minimizing the appearance of fine lines and related sagging
• Types of Exfoliation


  • Mechanical Exfoliation
  • Chemical Exfoliation
• Mechanical Exfoliation


  Physically scrubbing the skin with an abrasive, using microfiber cloths, adhesive exfoliation sheets, micro-bead facial scrubs, crepe paper, crushed apricot kernel or almond shells, sugar or salt crystals, pumice, and abrasive materials such as sponges, loofahs, and brushes
• Chemical Exfoliation


  Using scrubs containing salicylic acid, glycolic acid, fruit enzymes, citric acid, or malic acid, which may be applied in high concentrations by a medical professional or in lower concentrations in over-the-counter products
• Skin treatment products are used to address specific skin concerns such as acne, dark spots, hyperpigmentation, fine lines and inflammation
• Active ingredients in treatments

  Retinoids like tretinoin and adapalene to address fine lines and wrinkles, topical steroids for skin allergies and inflammation, salicylic acid and benzoyl peroxide to treat acne, vitamin C and growth factors in antiaging treatment formulas
• Serums


  Usually contain antioxidants to fight free radical damage, and anti-aging ingredients such as retinols and peptides to stimulate collagen production, great for hydrating dry skin
• Chemical Peels


  Remove the outer layer of the skin, going deeper to remove more excess dead skin cells than exfoliators, usually contain glycolic, salicylic or lactic acids
• Toners


  Shrink pores and restore skin to its natural pH balance, can be used after a cleanser twice a day to remove excess traces of makeup or other residue
• Moisturizers


  Add water and emollients to the skin, necessary for all skin types to prevent dehydration, replace water lost from the skin
• Moisturizer Ingredients


  • Humectants (glycerin, propylene glycol, sorbitol, urea, lactic acid, hyaluronic acid, panthenol)
  • Emollients (sunflower seed oil, allantoin, olive oil, myristyl myristate, cocoa butter, mineral oil, ceramides)
  • Occlusives (petrolatum, lanolin, candililla wax, dimethicone)
• Humectants


  Ingredients that draw moisture from the air to moisturize the skin and promote moisture retention
• Emollients


  Supple, waxlike, lubricating, thickening agents that prevent water loss and have a softening and soothing effect on the skin
• Occlusives


  Substances that hold strongly to the surface of the skin, preventing access to the air and increasing absorption of cosmetic treatments
• Sunscreen is a lotion, spray, gel, foam, stick or other topical product that absorbs or reflects some of the sun's ultraviolet (UV) radiation and thus helps protect against sunburn
• Diligent use of sunscreen can also help to slow or temporarily prevent the development of wrinkles, dark spots and sagging skin
• Types of Sunscreen


  • Physical Sunscreen (zinc oxide, titanium dioxide)
  • Chemical Sunscreen (UV organic filters)
• Physical Sunscreen


  Stay on the surface of the skin and mainly deflect the UV light
• Chemical Sunscreen


  Absorb the UV light
• Skin is the outer covering of the body and is the largest organ of the integumentary system
• An inch of your skin has approximately 18 million cells and 6000 melanocytes and also 1000 nerve endings and 20 blood vessels
• Glabrous skin


  Non-hairy skin, found on the palms and soles of the feet, lacks hair follicles and sebaceous glands but has a very thick epidermis and encapsulated sense organs in the dermis
• Hairy skin


  Hair follicles and sebaceous glands are both present, but there are no encapsulated sensory organs. Facial skin has large sebaceous glands associated with fine vellus hairs, contrasting sharply with the scalp, which contains large hair follicles