WEEK 1 MODULE

• Literature is said to be the written picture of life. It mirrors our lives. 
• Literature


  It makes us embrace our origin, culture and tradition and even makes us realize what is it to be human.
• Literature


  It is a reproduction of our experiences and information of a particular subject. 
• Studying literature helps us understand people, events and society.
• Literature illumines life. It grows on people’s visions, on their behavior and in optimistic experiences beyond the personal environment. 
• Philippine literature


  It is filled with diverse work of art and is continuously evolving in different times. It started with chants, hums and songs and passed through different generations and later became a part of oral and written tradition.
• Colonization


  It made an influence in the development of the literary writings of the Filipinos, that’s when oral literature is developed. 
• Literature also presents history and it manifests the aspirations and dreams of the people. It shows what they wish and hope for the nation, or for themselves, whether about nationalism, love, or other aspects going on in life. Literature evolves as a certain place had gone through a lot of changes and stood the many tests of times.
• Literature means writings having excellence of form or expression. It envelopes the major literary genres such as poetry, drama, and fiction. It entails distinctive use of the language in creative and artistic ways.
• Literature reflects the traditions and culture of the society, the origin and life experiences of the author, and even allows us to navigate the truths and realities embedded in the beauty of the language.
• Pre-Colonial Literature (Early Times – 1564)


  This period of literature is heavily rooted to our ancestors’ heritage, beliefs, and culture. 
• Pre-Colonial Literature (Early Times – 1564)


  It was marked during the arrival of the Philippines Archipelago’s

  first inhabitants with which considered as the forefathers of the Filipino today.
• The forms of literature that continue to exist are proverbs, riddles, folksongs, tales, and epics.
• Proverbs are simple and traditional sayings that give us nuggets of wisdom. It delivers significant truths about life in a form of little entertainment. In Filipino, these are called salawikain.
• "Matibay ang walis, palibhasaý magkabigkis." is an example of a proverb.
• Riddles are playful statements or questions having an obscure meaning intended to be answered or solved. The statement may sound like humorous but it has a deeper meaning. In Filipino, these are called bugtong.
• "Hinila ko ang tadyang, lumapad ang tiyan." is an example of a riddle.
• Folksongs are traditional songs of our ancestors that have been passed down from one generation to another. These local songs are considered part of the rich culture of the Filipinos. It may be in the form of courtship song or harana, harvest songs, war songs, lullabies and the likes.
• Tales are creative stories that generally talk about how one thing came to be. It speaks of the origin of a particular thing.
• Tales


  These are also called as myths and legends.
• Epics are long-narrative poems about the heroic deeds, adventures, and even misfortunes of a hero. The hero in the story is characterized as brave and courageous and is well-represented with good values.
• Spanish - Colonial Literature (1565-1898)


  During this period, literature was focused on Christianity and religion. The happenings in the environment was set aside and it is now pointed to Catholic faith reflecting the society, culture, and tradition.

   
• The friars as church head authorities have spread the doctrines of the church trying to relate them to native.
• Spanish language also became the literary language during the Spanish - Colonial Literature.
• The following are the kinds of Philippine literature during the Spanish- Colonial Period are Cenaculo, Pasyon, Awit, Zarzuela, Corrido, Moro-moro, Carillo, Tibag, and Duplo or Karagatan.
• Cenaculo


  It is a play depicting the life and sufferings of Jesus Christ.
• Cenaculo is a Spanish term which means “cenacle” the place where Jesus Christ celebrated the Last Supper with His disciples.
• Pasyon


  It is a narrative poem about the life of Jesus Christ which is usually sung during Lenten season.
• Awit


  A form of Filipino poetry about a hero, that is a bit closer to a narrative.
• Zarzuela


  A form of musical comedy that is usually comic and presents sarcastic look at society.
• Corrido


  A narrative song which is often about oppression, history and other topics about society.
• Moro-moro or Comedia de Capa y Espada


  A blood-and-thunder melodrama depicting the conflict of Christians and Muslims. It is usually about battles to the death and the proofs of faith.
• Carillo


  A play using shadows to project the animated figures made from

  cardboards.
• Tibag


  A drama that reenacts the search of St. Helena for the Holy Cross.
• Duplo or Karagatan


  A drama that is connected to mourning rituals of the Catholics and harvest celebrations.
• American - Colonial Literature (1899-1945)


  It was during this period when Filipino enjoyed freedom and independence in writing literary pieces.
• Some of the literary genres that prosper during the American - Colonial Literature period were poetry, short story, and novel.
• It was also during the American occupation when Public School was created. 
• The “Thomasites” were American soldiers who came to our country to become teachers. They introduced free public instruction for all children of school age.
• The use of English language as medium of instruction in all levels of education in public school made the literary writers decide to use the same language in writing literary pieces and in other forms of writing.