pattern of written text

• Paragraph


  A group of sentences that convey an idea. Each sentence works together as part of a unit to create an overall thought or impression. It has three parts: topic sentence, supporting sentences and clincher.
• Topic sentence


  • Clearly states the subject or the main point of the whole paragraph
• Supporting sentences


  • Show details and examples to prove your point
• Clincher


  • Wraps up the point of the paragraph
• The clincher can be replaced with a concluding statement
• In writing, we read, we interview, we search online and the like to gain more knowledge about our topic
• Sometimes we tend to be overwhelmed by the information we have and put them all together, resulting in a not good outcome
• When you write a paragraph about your favorite tourist destination, your opinions on a certain issue, or your thoughts in the advantages and disadvantages of social media, you are unconsciously using these writing patterns
• Writing pattern or pattern of paragraph development

  A specific strategy or method that a writer uses to develop ideas in a paragraph
• Patterns of written text

  • Suggest a type of support to an idea that one can use in a type of paragraph
  • Help a writer make sense of the different pieces of information
• Narration


  • The focus is to narrate or tell a story
  • Emphasizes the what, when, and where something happened
  • Uses action words and transitional words
• Narration example


  • Yesterday, Thea and her two brothers, Michael and Edward had the most wonderful time together. They strolled in the mall. They went inside the department store and bought bucket hats and matching shirts. Next, for lunch, they ate at their favorite restaurant, ordered the usual chicken and rice combo and shared many funny moments. After that, they watched a comedy movie and laughed their hearts out. After a long day, they went home tired but fulfilled. They definitely shared good moments together and bonded more as siblings.
• Narration


  • Narrates or tells a story
  • Emphasizes the what, when, and where
  • Uses action words and transitional words
• Description


  • Gives characteristics or details on what an object, a person or a place looks like
  • Uses powerful and appropriate adjectives and the five senses (sight, smell, taste, hear, touch) to create a clear image
• Types of description


  • Objective description (factual, scientific)
  • Subjective description (personal perspective)
• Description example


  • Every summer, my brothers and I spend our vacation in my Lola's house. It always feels like my first home. It is already an old house. You could already say it's old because of the worn-out fences. Still, I love spending my summer there. When you go inside, that musty smell welcomes you or the smell of rice cakes from the kitchen. Lola really loves to make rice cakes and my favorite is 'suman'. Every day is a fun day. My brothers and I would either play in Lola's backyard with her dog, Bantay or we go to the river nearby. In the next morning, she would then cook delicious meals and they're all tasty. Lola's home is always a happy home.
• Description


  • Uses powerful and appropriate adjectives
  • Uses the five senses to create a clear image
• Definition


  • Explains or gives a comprehensive understanding of a concept, a term or an idea
  • Defines a term or concept by its characteristic, function, example, origin or effect
• Types of definition


  • Scientific definition (factual)
  • Subjective definition (personal)
• Definition example


  • I was once asked by my college professor before, "What is passion?" This is a typical question for a painter and an artist like me. As they say, you will never excel as an artist if you don't have passion within you. What is 'passion'? My teacher once told me that passion comes from a Latin root 'pati-', meaning 'suffering, or enduring'. From then on, my teacher taught me that passion is not just something you earn in a night or after studying arts. It's something you have to learn over the course of life. I then learned that passion is something I need to learn to feel by enduring not just the highs of life but also the downtimes. It also goes with loving what I do.
• Definition


  • Explains a comprehensive understanding of a concept, term or idea
  • Defines by characteristic, function, example, origin or effect
• Exemplification


  Uses examples to illustrate and further explain an idea
• Classification


  Divides and organizes ideas or concepts into classes, groups or categories based on criteria and relationships
• Exemplification and Classification example

  • You can be awesome on your 'first day high' in college by being friendly, responsive and easy-going. In that case, you can immediately have friends and be at ease in your journey to college. First, be friendly. For example, always be the first one to say "Hi!" and introduce yourself. For you not to look awkward, always wear a smile. Next, be responsive. A first day is always a getting-to-know stage. Whenever a person asks you a question, answer accordingly. Lastly, be easy going. Keep your chill and just go with the flow. As long as it doesn't hurt or offend you, just go for it. Basically, these are the "must be-attitudes" if you're a freshman.
• Classification


  Organizes ideas or concepts in classes, groups or categories based on criteria
• Exemplification and Classification patterns further explain the general idea in the paragraph
• Key points about Exemplification and Classification

  • Exemplification uses examples to illustrate and further explain an idea
  • Classification organizes ideas or concepts in classes, groups or categories based on criteria
  • These patterns further explain the general idea in the paragraph
• Cause and Effect


  Discusses why something happens and what results a particular occurrence
• Cause and Effect paragraphs

  • A paragraph that emphasizes the causes begins with an effect and discusses how that effect came to be
  • A paragraph that emphasizes the effects begins with a cause, then explores the results
• Comparison and Contrast


  Discusses ideas based on how they are similar or different to one another
• Comparison and Contrast approaches

  • Separately approach describes the first element then the second element
  • Side-by-side approach discusses both items based on each point of comparison and contrast
• Problem-Solution


  Presents a problem that needs to be resolved, states the problem then the solution
• Problem-Solution paragraphs


  • Has 3 main parts: topic sentence introduces the solution, body sentences explain the problem and solution, ending sentence calls readers to action
• Persuasion


  Describes an issue and states the writer's position, with the goal of convincing readers to agree
• Persuasive paragraphs


  • Have a topic sentence stating the position, body sentences explaining the reasons, and a concluding sentence reiterating or intensifying the thesis