urinary

• Which of the following mechanisms involves an enzyme that is produced by the kidney when systemic blood pressure drops?

  Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone mechanism
• Which of the following glomerular regulators responds to filtrate NaCl concentrations?

  Tubuloglomerular feedback mechanism
• All of the following would stimulate the release of renin from granular cells, except __________.

  inhibition by the macula densa cells
• When the concentration of ADH increases, __________.

  less urine is produced
• All of the following functions are carried out in the renal tubules, except __________.

  filtration
• Which part of the nephron is influenced by hormones to absorb sodium and water?

  Distal convoluted tubule
• Which pressure is exerted by the proteins in the blood that “sucks” water into the capillary?

  Colloid osmotic pressure (OPgc)
• Select the mechanism in which rising systemic blood pressure stretches vascular smooth muscle in the arteriolar walls, causing the afferent arterioles to constrict.

  Myogenic mechanism
• Match the following hormone with its action on the urinary system: ADH.

  Regulates water reabsorption at the collecting duct
• Which answer choice refers to the pressure exerted by filtrate in the glomerular capsule?

  Hydrostatic pressure in the capsular space
• Anuria may be caused by all of the following except __________.

  hypertension
• If the afferent arteriole constricts while the efferent arteriole remains unchanged, the glomerular filtration rate __________.

  decreases
• Identify the event in renal physiology at “E.”

  Salt is pumped out of the ascending limb.  

  
• Tubular secretion is important for all except which of the following?

  Ridding the body of excess glucose
• Less potent diuretics and work at the DCT

  Thiazides.
• A protein metabolite found in skeletal muscle and excreted in urine

   Creatinine.
•  Elevated levels are evidence of starvation or untreated diabetes mellitus.

  Ketone bodies
• Which of the following is not a physical characteristic of freshly voided urine in a healthy person?

  Slightly basic in pH
• Urea transport into the medullary collecting duct is enhanced by __________.

  ADH
• Inhibit formation of the medullary gradient

   Loop diuretics.
• Glomerulonephritis, severe hypertension, heart failure, often an initial sign of renal disease

  protein
• When a substance not absorbed carries water out with it

  Osmotic diuretics.
• Which cells of the juxtaglomerular apparatus secrete renin?

  granular cells
• Which capillary bed produces filtrate?

  glomerulus
• True or False: Capsular hydrostatic pressure is the chief force pushing water and solutes out of the blood and across the filtration membrane.

  false