SCI QUIZ 2

• Geothermal system

  • Heat source - can either be a very high temperature (above 600 degrees Celsius) magmatic intrusion that has reached a shallow depth of 5 -10 km OR as certain low temperature systems, the earth's normal temperature which increases with depth
  • Reservoir - is a volume of hot permeable rocks from which the circulating fluids extract heat
  • Geothermal Fluid - carrier that transfers the heat (water). It often carries with it other chemicals and gas compounds such a CO2 and H2S
• Geothermal power plants


  • Use many of the same components including turbines, generators, transformers, and other standard power operating equipment
• Geothermal power generation


  1. Production well is drilled into a geothermal reservoir

  2. Injection well is also drilled to allow the return of used geothermal fluids to the geothermal reservoir

  3. Hot geothermal fluids flow through pipes to a power plant to use in generating electricity

  4. Hot pressurized geothermal fluid or a secondary working fluid is allowed to generate rapidly and provide rotational or mechanical energy to turn the turbine blades on a shaft

  5. Rotational energy from the turning turbine shaft is utilized to spin the magnets inside a large coil and eventually create electrical current

  6. Electrical current from the generator is sent to a step-up transformer outside the power plant. Voltage is increased in the transformer and electrical current is then transmitted over power lines to homes, buildings, and business establishments
• Dry Steam Power Plant


  When a geothermal power plant uses hydrothermal fluids such as steam in the same form as it comes from the ground
• Flash Steam Power Plant


  Water is pumped from the reservoir under high pressure
• Binary Cycle Power Plant


  Geothermal fluid at low to moderate temperature (approximately 107.2-205˚C) is used to heat a separate fluid that has a boiling point lower than that of water
• Prince Piero Ginori Conti tested the first ever geothermal power generator


  July 4, 1904
• New Zealand built Waikarei Plant, the first plant to resort to flash steam technology

  1958
• John Grant (USA) successfully drilled a well at The Geysers resort and can generate enough to power the streetlights and building at the said resort
• International Geothermal Association (IGA) about 10, 715 MW of geothermal power in 24 countries are in operation, which is expected to generate 67,246 GWh in 10 hrs


  1972
• Production well -is drilled into a geothermal reservoir
• Injection well is also drilled to allow the return of used geothermal fluids to the geothermal reservoir
• Rotational energy from the turning turbine shaft is utilized to spin the magnets inside a large coil and eventually create electrical current
• Hot pressurized geothermal fluid or a secondary working fluid is allowed to generate rapidly and provide rotational or mechanical energy to turn the turbine blades on a shaft
• Hot geothermal fluids flow through pipes to a power plant to use in generating electricity
• Electrical current from the generator is sent to a step-up transformer outside the power plant. Voltage is increased in the transformer and electrical current is then transmitted over power lines to homes, buildings, and business establishments
• Geo means earth and thermal means heat
• Geothermal Energy -energy from the heat inside the earth
• Two types of geothermal fluid:

  Steam

  Water
• First geothermal power plant; 1904, Larderello,Italy
• Binary Cycle Power Plant

  
• Flash Steam Power Plant

  
• Dry Steam Power Plant

  
• The turbine produce energy called mechanical energy
• Mechanical energy is sum total of potential and kinetic energy
• Reservoirs can be suspected in the areas where we find:

  Geysers

  Boiling mud pot

  Volcano

  Hot springs
• Geothermal fluid -carrier that transfer the heat(water)