Avogadro's law

• Kinetic molecular theory


  Theory that helps understand different properties of gases at the molecular level
• Kinetic molecular theory


  • Gases are composed of molecules
  • Molecules are in constant random motion and frequently collide with one another
  • Collisions are perfectly elastic (no loss of kinetic energy)
  • Attractive and repulsive forces are absent
  • Average kinetic energy of gas molecules is directly related to temperature
• Avogadro's law


  Gas law that relates the number of moles and volume of a gas, which are directly proportional when pressure and temperature are held constant
• Solving Avogadro's law problems

  1. Given: v1, n1, v2, n2

  2. Use formula: v1/n1 = v2/n2

  3. Solve for missing variable
• Ideal gas law


  Combination of Boyle's law, Charles' law, and Avogadro's law, relating pressure, volume, amount of substance, and temperature of an ideal gas
• Solving ideal gas law problems

  1. Given: p, v, n, T

  2. Use formula: pv = nRT

  3. Solve for missing variable
• Units for ideal gas law: p in atm, v in L, n in mol, T in K, R = 0.0821 L·atm/mol·K
• Ideal gas law problems


  • Find moles of gas given p, v, T

  1. Find temperature given p, v, n