Depression - Suicide

• Depression is a common mental disorder.

  Globally, an estimated 5% of adults suffer from depression.
• vMore women are affected by depression than men.
• There is effective treatment for mild, moderate and severe depression.
• Depression

  • A potentially life-threatening mood disorder
  • A state of low mood & aversion to activity by someone who experiences feelings of sadness, helplessness & hopelessness
  • More common in people who live in difficult social and economic circumstances.
• More than 700 000 people die due to suicide every year. SUICIDE is the fourth leading cause of death in 15–29-year-olds.
• Barriers to effective care include a lack of investment in mental health care, lack of trained health-care providers and social stigma associated with mental disorders.
• • Predominantly sad facial expression with absence or diminished range of affective response
  • Solitary play or work, tendency to be alone, lack of interest in play with friends
  • Withdrawal from previously enjoyed activities and relationships
  • Lowered grades in school; lack of interest doing homework or achieving in school, refuses to wake up for school
  • Diminished motor activity; tiredness·Tearfulness or crying
  • Inability to concentrate
  • Dependent and clinging or aggressive and disruptive
• Internal States

  •Utterance or statements reflecting lowered self-esteem, sense of hopelessness, or guilt

  •Suicidal ideations
• Physiology

  •Constipation

  •Loss of energy, Fatigue

  •Nonspecific complaints of not feeling well

  •Change in appetite resulting in weight loss or gain

  •Alterations in sleeping pattern, sleeplessness, or hypersomnia
• School-based programs to enhance a pattern of positive coping in children and adolescents
• 1553 - Luzon wide landline toll free (Crisis Hotline #HandangMakinig)
• Treatment for Depression

  • behavioral activation
  • cognitive behavioral therapyüüinterpersonal psychotherapy
  • antidepressant medication such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs)
• Suicide - The deliberate act of self-injury with the intent that the injury results in death.
• More than 700 000 people die due to suicide every year.
• Suicide is the fourth leading cause of death among 15-29 year-olds.
• Ingestion of pesticide, hanging and firearms are among the most common methods of suicide globally.
• Adolescent males commit suicide 4x more than do girls, but girls attempt suicides 5x more often than do boys.
• Children who have attempted suicide once have a high risk of attempting it again, perhaps more effectively
• Boys have more violent means of committing suicide than do girls & thus are successful more often.
• Suicidal Ideation

  • involves a preoccupation with thoughts about committing suicide & may be a precursor to suicide
  • should be taken seriously & an assessment conducted for appropriate referral
• Suicide attempt or Parasuicide

  -intended to cause injury or death but is unsuccessful

  -refers to behaviors ranging from gestures to serious attempts to kill oneself

  -a deliberate act that might inflict self-harm but results in a nonfatal outcome
• Factors Associated with Suicide Risk

  • History
  • Individual
  • Family
  • Social and Environmental
• •verbalize hopelessness

  •may begin giving away prized possessions

  •appear suddenly elated after a long period of acting dejected.
• S - Specificity

  L - Lethality

  A - Accessibility

  P - Proximity