Cards (4)

  • Causes of hyperthyroidism
    • Graves' disease
    • Toxic multinodular goiter
    • Solitary toxic nodule/adenoma
    • De Quervain's thyroiditis (initial stage)
    • Post-partum thyroiditis
    • Exogenous thyroid hormone use
    • Pituitary adenoma
  • Graves' disease
    • Autoimmune disease [IgG antibodies binding to TSH receptor à continuous secretion of thyroid hormones]
    • Associated with other autoimmune diseases (pernicious anemia, myasthenia gravis)
    • Smoking increases the risk of developing Grave's disease & increases the risk of advanced grave's ophthalmopathy. Smoking may also decrease the effect of the treatment and increase the risk of relapse
  • Signs and symptoms of hyperthyroidism
    • Weight loss
    • Heat intolerance
    • Anxiety, nervousness, restlessness, irritability
    • Tremor
    • Diarrhea
    • Sweating
    • Tachycardia, palpitations, arrhythmias (A. Fib)
    • Oligomenorrhea
    • Lid lag and lid retraction
    • Goiter
    • Hyperreflexia
    • Systolic hypertension
  • Signs specific to Graves' disease
    • Exophthalmos and ophthalmoplegia
    • Pretibial myxedema
    • Thyroid bruit
    • Thyroid acropachy (finger clubbing)