Poverty

• Poverty


  Not simply about having a low income. Its dimensions encompass poor health and nutrition, low education and skills, fragile livelihoods, bad housing conditions and social exclusion
• Social scientists were not so much interested in its measurement, but rather on the reasons for poverty, such as the roles of culture, power, social structure and other factors largely out of the control of the individual
• Poverty


  An economic state where people are experiencing the lack of certain commodities that are required for the lives of human beings like money and material possessions. It is a multifaceted concept inclusive of social, economic and political elements
• Types of Poverty


  • Absolute Poverty
  • Relative Poverty
  • Temporary Poverty
  • Generational Poverty
  • Rural Poverty
  • Urban Poverty

  
• Absolute Poverty


  A condition so limited by malnutrition, illiteracy, disease, squalid surroundings, high infant mortality, and low life expectancy as to be beneath any reasonable definition of human decency
• Relative Poverty


  Defined from the social perspective that is living standard compared to the economic standards of population living in surroundings. It is a measure of income inequality
• Temporary Poverty


  A temporary type of poverty based on occurrence of an adverse event like environmental disaster, job loss and severe health problem. People can help themselves even with a small assistance, as poverty comes because of unfortunate event
• Generational Poverty


  Handed over to individual and families from one generation to the one. This is more complicated as there is no escape because the people are trapped in its cause and unable to access the tools required to get out of it
• Rural Poverty


  Occurs in rural areas with population below 50,000. It is the area where there are less job opportunities, less access to services, less support for disabilities and quality education opportunities. People are tending to live mostly on farming and other menial work available to the surroundings
• Urban Poverty


  Occurs in the metropolitan areas with population over 50,000. Some major challenges faced by the urban poor include...
• Three Main Types of Inequalities

  • Inequality of Outcomes
  • Inequality of Opportunities
  • Inequality Across Population Groups
• Inequality of Outcomes


  Persistent differences in power, wealth and status between groups that are sustained over time by economic, political and socio-cultural mechanisms and institutions
• Inequality of Opportunities


  Unequal access to the chances required to sustain and improve livelihoods and lead meaningful lives
• Inequality Across Population Groups


  Characteristics such as gender, age, ethnicity, disability or migrant status have considerable influence on well-being and economic outcomes
• Inequality Trap


  The perceptions of growing inequality, dishonesty, exploitation, and absence of confidence in government and fellow citizens lead to an inequality trap
• Poverty is the parent of revolution and crime