B6

• what is distribution of organisms

  where individual organisms are found within an ecosystem
• what is abundance of organisms

  the number of individuals of a species present in an area at any given time
• what is a field investigation

  The conduct of investigations to determine the extent of disease outbreaks or health problems.
• what are sampling techniques with organisms

  to determine their numbers in a given area
• what is random sampling techniques

  selecting a sample from a population in a way that each element has an equal chance of being included
• what is transect sampling techniques

  used to study the distribution and abundance of organisms along a line or pathway
• what is a quadrat

  -A quadrat is a square frame enclosing a known area. A quadrat can be used to sample plants or animals that don't move much
• what is a pooter

  A device that allows you to safely suck small insects through a tube into a jar
• what is a net

  A net is a two dimensional figure that can be cut out and folded into a three dimensional solid
• what are positive human interactions with an ecosystem

  -Recycling

  -Establishing wildlife preserves and parks

  -Creating green, open space laws

  -Doing reforestation

  -Creating environmental regulations
• what are negative human interactions with an ecosystem

  -Use of natural resources

  -Building and expansion of cities and roads

  -Pollution

  -Deforestation

  -Logging
• what is conservation

  Protecting resources against waste and harm
• what are the benefits of maintaining local biodiversity

  -Disease Resistance Genetically diverse populations have better chances of surviving a catastrophe like a pandemic

  -Carbon Sequestration Carbon sequestration is the process of capturing and storing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere

  -Storm, Flooding, and Coastal Erosion Regulation

  -Food Security

  -Overall Health and Happiness
• what are the challenges of maintaining local biodiversity

  -gaining agreements for and the monitoring of conservation schemes

  -costs money

  -uses land
• what are environmental changes to the distribution of organisms

  -Temperature shifts can change how organisms distribute themselves

  -The distribution of many plants and animals change dependent on rainfall

  -The composition of atmospheric gases affects the distribution of a species in an ecosystem
• what are biological factors affecting food security

  -increasing human population

  -changing diets

  -new pests and new pathogens

  -environmental change

  -sustainability

  -cost of agricultural inputs
• how does increasing human population affect food security

  more people to eat food so more food needs to br grown to keep up with demand
• how does changing diet affect food security

  food resources are transported to be sold from areas which need them, especially meat and fish exposing vulnerable populations across continents to multiple forms of malnutrition
• how does new pests and pathogens affect food security

  reducing crop yields and leading to crop failure
• how does environmental change affect food security

  Global warming is influencing weather patterns, causing heat waves, heavy rainfall, and droughts, which can lead to food insecurity
• how does sustainability affect food security

  sustainable diets are low in environmental impact but can increase food waste
• how does the cost of agricultural input affect food security

  the higher the prices of food the less farmers can buy as they cannot afford the same amount
• what are agricultural solutions

  -hydroponics

  -biological control

  -gene technology

  -fertilisers

  -pesticides
• what are hydroponics

  The plants are grown in water with a perfect balance of mineral ions instead of soil
• what is biological control

  the intentional release of a natural enemy to attack a pest population
• what is gene technology

  modifying plants genes so they do different things
• what are fertilisers


  Chemicals that give plants essential chemical elements
• what are pesticides

  Chemicals intended to kill insects and other organisms that damage crops