AI Population Case studies

    Cards (73)

    • Education in Kerla?

      - 85% of women are literate meaning they are more educated about pregnancy and have access to more education, delaying the average age to have first child and decreasing birth rate
    • Women's status in Kerla?

      - Women are seen as an asset to society
      - Gives them more freedom in life, like education, and are not just seen as child bearers
      - Less expectations
    • Healthcare in Kerla?

      - Kerala has very developed healthcare compared to the rest of India
      - 4965 hospitals
      - better and quicker access to healthcare
    • Are there incentives in Kerala to have less children?
      - Maternity leave is only offered for the first two children
      - Extra retirement benefits for those with smaller families
    • Contraception in Kerala?

      - High levels of access to contraception in Kerala
      - Despite being Muslim, there is less stigma
      - Left-wing government facilitates this
    • What is the significance of the civil war in South Sudan?

      - Began in 2013
      - caused an economic free fall and inflation in food prices
      - Farmers move to subsistence as they cannot sell their food
      - 50% of crops were destroyed
      - 1.4 million estimated dead
    • Floods in South Sudan?

      - Intense flood from May to December 2021
      - 800000 impacted
      - Crops destroyed
      - 1/4 livestock lost
      - Vital supplies like fishing nets
    • Effects of the food insecurity in South Sudan?

      - 70000 died from malnutrition
      - 34000 fled to Uganda
      - Violence over competition for resources
      - Aid dependency, 5 million people receive food aid but now cannot function without it
    • Are children expensive in Japan?

      - In Japan, children are economic burdens, not assets
      - They cost on average 150000 from 0-18
      - This is often seen as unaffordable, putting couples off from having children
      - Contributing to an aging population as the birth rate is so low
    • How has healthcare in Japan contributed to an ageing population?

      - Improvements in healthcare mean that old people in Japan are living longer
      - The average life expectancy in Japan is 84
    • Where is Kerla?

      South-West India
    • What is Kerla's birth rate?
      13.2/1000
    • Education in Kerla?
      - 85% of women are literate meaning they are more educated about pregnancy and have access to more education, delaying the average age to have first child and decreasing birth rate
    • Women's status in Kerla?

      - Women are seen as an asset to society
      - Gives them more freedom in life, like education, and are not just seen as child bearers
      - Less expectations
    • Healthcare in Kerla?

      - Kerala has very developed healthcare compared to the rest of India
      - 4965 hospitals
      - better and quicker access to healthcare
    • Are there incentives in Kerala to have less children?

      - Maternity leave is only offered for the first two children
      - Extra retirement benefits for those with smaller families
    • Contraception in Kerala?

      - High levels of access to contraception in Kerala
      - Despite being Muslim, there is less stigma
      - Left-wing government facilitates this
    • What was the land reform in Kerala?

      - Land was redistributed so no one was landless
      - 8 Hectors a family so people could become self-sufficient
      - Less need for children to work on farm
    • Infant mortality rate in Kerala?
      6/1000
      -Less need to have children as they are dying less
    • How many people suffer famine in South Sudan?

      -7.5 million
      - Over half the population
    • What is the significance of the civil war in South Sudan?

      - Began in 2013
      - caused an economic free fall and inflation in food prices
      - Farmers move to subsistence as they cannot sell their food
      - 50% of crops were destroyed
      - 1.4 million estimated dead
    • What is South Sudan's climate?

      - Average temperature of 34 degrees
      - Leads to soil erosion where the soil is not fertile
      - Desertification
      - Northern regions receive almost no rainfall
      - Sahel region
    • Floods in South Sudan?

      - Intense flood from May to December 2021
      - 800000 impacted
      - Crops destroyed
      - 1/4 livestock lost
      - Vital supplies like fishing nets
    • Inflation rates in South Sudan?

      - Reached up to 836%
      - Food not affordable
    • Education in South Sudan?
      - 35% literacy rates
      - 70% in primary sector
      - Little knowledge on how to alleviate effects of droughts, floods, how to increase yield etc
    • Effects of the food insecurity in South Sudan?

      - 70000 died from malnutrition
      - 34000 fled to Uganda
      - Violence over competition for resources
      - Aid dependency, 5 million people receive food aid but now cannot function without it
    • What percent of Japan's population is over 60?
      38%
    • What is Japan's dependency ratio now and in 2050?
      35% and projected to be 42% in 2050
    • What is marriage in Japan?

      - Marriages on average occurring over 30 leaving a shorter period to have children
      - Marriage is essential for having children. In japan only 2% of children are born out of wedlock compared to 40% in the US
      - Contributing to an aging population
    • What is women education and work like in Japan?

      More women in Japan are staying in Education for longer and prioritise this over starting a family
      - Japanese employers are still very "anti-mum", not providing maternity leave. This encourages women to stay in work as they fear having children will interrupt their career.
      - Contributing to an aging population
    • Are children expensive in Japan?

      - In Japan, children are economic burdens, not assets
      - They cost on average 150000 from 0-18
      - This is often seen as unaffordable, putting couples off from having children
      - Contributing to an aging population as the birth rate is so low
    • How has healthcare in Japan contributed to an ageing population?

      - Improvements in healthcare mean that old people in Japan are living longer
      - The average life expectancy in Japan is 84
    • What social issues has Japan encountered as a result of its ageing population?

      - 15000 unregistered abusive care homes
      - 4-2-1 ration
      - Political sidelining of the younger generation
    • When was the One Child Policy in China introduced?

      - 1979
    • How many people did the 1959 to 1961 famine kill?
      - 20-45 million
      - Result of the failed Great Leap Forward
    • What was the On Child Policy's slogan?

      - Late, Sparse, and few"
    • How was the One Child Policy enforced?

      - Fined around 580 dollars for second children
      - Forced abortions and sterilisation
      - Incentives such as better pay, better education, more holiday for those with one child
      - Certificate of honour for single children parents"
    • What were the positive impacts of the one Child policy?

      - prevented 400m births
      - Birth rate fell from 45/1000 to 14/1000
      - Less of a strain on resources
    • Were there any exceptions to the one child policy?
      - Ethnic minorities were exempt
    • What were the negatives of the one child policy?

      - 30% over 50
      - 35616 forced abortions
      - Little Empress Syndrome
      - 4-2-1 ratio
      - Overcrowded orphanages with 90% of children being girls
      - Gender imbalance, 36 million more men than women
      - Birth tourism
      Increase in female infanticide
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