earthquake case studies

• haiti date

  2010
• Haiti - Schools Destroyed

  5000
• Haiti damage

  £11.5 billion in damage
• Haiti Home Destroyed

  180,000
• Haiti Development

  LIDC
• Haiti Deaths

  230,000 deaths

  7000 died later due to Cholera
• Haiti Location

  Close to capital Port-Au-Prince
• Haiti Plate Boundaries

  Conservative - Carribean + North American
• Haiti Aid response

  reliance on foreign aid and NGOs

  3 million of funding from EU

  Took 5 days
• Indian Ocean Date


  December 26th 2004
• Indian Ocean Magnitude 


  9.1 magnitude
• Indian Ocean Deaths


  225,000 killed

  131,000 in Indonesia
• Indian Ocean Number of Impacted Countries

  13 in total inc. somalia, indonesia, Thailand
• Indian Ocean Homeless 


  2 million homeless
• Indian Ocean Damages

  10 billion
• Indian Ocean EWS

  no warning systems in 2004

  now there are 25 seismographic, 26 tsunami centres
• Indian Ocean Aid

  large humanitarian aid response - 7 billion pledge
• Christchurch 2011 magnitude

  6.3 magnitude

  technically an aftershock
• Christchurch deaths

  181 killed

  2000 injured
• Christchurch Plate

  conservative boundary
• Christchurch Response

  Pop up hospitals

  temporary housing

  6/7 million in aid
• Christchurch long-term social

  Businesses to longer to recover

  couldnt host rugby world cup - tourism
• christchurch buildings destroyed

  over 50% of buildings destroyed
• Christchurch Liquefaction

  Damage to roads and buildings

  made it hard for emergency services
• Christchurch short-term impacts

  damage to long stretchs of water and sewage pipes

  80% without electricity
• Christchurch post-response

  trained in evacuation plans

  earthquake drills

  some earthquake proof housing
• Japan date

  2011
• Japan magnitude

  9.0 magnitude
• Japan plates

  subduction of Pacific under okhostsk plate
• Japan deaths

  15891 deaths
• Japan Damages

  $ 309 billion

  earthquake - 18,000 buildings

  tsunami - 105,000 buildings
• Japan SONY

  lost 2.9 billion after 8 factories were destroyed
• Japan Response


  25 billion for coastal town relocation

  Coastal Levees created

  New sky village anchored to ground
• Japan Nuclear

  Fukashima nuclear plant had 2 explosions

  80,000 evacuated

  Japan closed all 54 nuclear plants

  slowed Japan's nuclear research
• sichuan earthquake background


  May 2008

  Sichuan - mountainous region in SW China

  7.9 magnitude
• Sichuan earthquake impacts 


  45.5 million people affected in 10 provinces/regions

  5 million made homeless (most ever)

  69,000 people died - 5300 children as schools fell down

  landslide triggered that cause 1/4 of the deaths
• Sichuan Earthquake building vulnerability

  corruption - ignoring the building codes and accepting bribes from builders to take shortcuts - poorly constructed buildings fell down eg. schools
• Sichuan Earthquake Short Term Effects

  • damage concentrated in rural areas and small towns (not dense like haiti)
  • Rich Country so could afford rescuse and aid efforts
  • Strong central government able to respond quick
• Sichuan Earthquake Short-Term Response

  Within hours... 130,000 soldiers and relief workers were sent to affected areas - parachuted or hiked to reach isolated areas - physical vulnerability.

  Medical services quickly restored - avoided disease

  People in danger from landslides quickly moved

  Government pledged $10 billion, and absolved debts of those without insurance

  withing 2 weeks, temporary homes, roads and bridges
• Sichuan Long-Term Response 


  2 years after

  • 97% of the planned 29,704 reconstruction projects started
  • 99% of 196,000 farmhouses rebuilt
  • 216 transport projects had been completed (roads, airports, railways)

  made area more resilient, improved economy and people's lives