W3

• Fire

  • major element just like water, earth, and air.
  • not a form of matter
  • it is tangible
• Three ingredients of fire:

  1. heat
  2. fuel
  3. oxygen
• Heat energy - produced during combustion because the reaction is exothermic.
• Fuel - a flammable material that initiates the process of combustion

  • when heated past its flash point, it releases vapor pressure that can ignite and support combustion
• Oxygen - supports burning through oxidation.

  • gas combined with oxygen heats up, breaks apart, and recombines due to fuel heat, causing a chain reaction
• Uninhibited Chain reactions - heat is constantly produced from ongoing reactions, making the fire self-sustaining.
• Stages of fire:

  1. Ignition
  2. Growth
  3. Full-developed
  4. Decaying
• Ignition - when the four elements combined.

  • the fire is small and can still be controlled by portable fire extinguisher or a small hose, or may go out on its own
• Growth - the shortest stage

  • happens when heat releases rate increases as a result of the burning of additional fuel
  • the rate of growth is dependent on the amount of oxygen
• Full-developed -fire has consumed all of the available combustible materials.

  • Oxygen is being consumed rapidly and maximum temperatures are reached
• Decaying stage - the longest stage

  • when oxygen and fuel began to diminish
  • the temperature decreases significantly and the fire becomes weaker
• Backdraft - an explosive fire caused by the sudden introduction of oxygen in an enclosed space which has been deprived of air. It can occur when a window breaks or a door is opened in a burning house.
• Wildfires - uncontrolled fires in remote areas with extensive vegetation or organic material.
• Fire safety:

  RACE

  R - remove

  A - alarm

  C - contain

  E - evacuate
• Classification of fire:

  A - ordinary combustibles

  B - flammable liquids

  C - live electrical equipment

  D - combustible metal

  K - commercial cooking equipment
• Phases of a fire drill

  Alarm - fire alarms are activated

  Response - students stay alert for signs of fire and smoke

  Evacuation - school personnel and students evacuate using predetermined routes to designated areas

  Assembly - students gather in their respective groups at the evacuation area

  Head count - teachers verify attendance to ensure everyone's safety once the evacuation area is reached

  Evaluation - the drill i assessed to identify and rectify any issues encountered