Oral Comm

• Used to open a conversation. A speaker carries out nomination to establish a topic with the person whom they're talking to


  Nomination
• This pertains to any limitation you may use as a speaker. As a speaker, you may discuss only what is related to the topic.

  Restriction
• “I’m sorry but your question is not a part of the lesson. Please reserve that for the next topic. We are out of time for that discussion.”

  Restriction
• Refers to the process in which people decide who take the conversational floor. The primary goal of this is to give everyone a chance to speak.

  Turn-Taking
• covers how procedural or informality affects the development of topic conversation. It is more restricted unlike a casual conversation with a friend in a street wherein you may take the conversational floor anytime. When a topic is initiated, should be developed by avoiding unnecessary interruptions and topic shift.

  Topic control
• Involves moving from one topic to another. It is where one part of the conversation ends and another begins.

  Topic Shifting
• This pertains on how the speaker addresses the problems in speaking, listening, and comprehending in a conversation.

  Repair
• “Everyone please calm down. I think we need to give chance for everyone to speak. Can we do that?”

  Repair
• Refers to close-initiating of the participants in the conversation. The topic initiator takes responsibility to signal the end of the discussion.

  Termination
• 1. Conducting an audience analysis
  2. Determine the purpose of the speech
  3. Selecting a topic
  4. Narrowing down a topic
  5. Gathering of Data
• 1. Selecting a speech pattern
  2. Preparing an outline
  3. Creating the body of the speech
  4. Preparing the introduction
  5. Preparing the conclusion
• 1. Editing/Revising
  2. Rehearsing
• Focal point of your speech. Can only be determined once purpose of the speech has been decided.


  Topic
• Strategies in selecting a topic:

  1. Using personal experiences
  2. Discussing with your family and friends
  3. Free writing
  4. Listing
  5. Asking questions
  6. Semantic Webbing
• Purpose of writing and delivering a speech:

  1. To inform
  2. To entertain
  3. To persuade
• provides the audience with a clear understanding of the concept or idea presented by the speaker.

  Informative Speech
• Provides the audience with amusement

  Entertainment Speech
• provides the audience with well-argued ideas that can influence their own beliefs and decisions.

  Persuasive Speech
• Structures that will help you organize the ideas related to your topic

  Writing Patterns
• Writing Patterns:

  1. Biographical
  2. Categorical/Topical
  3. Causal
  4. Chronological
  5. Comparison/Contrast
  6. Problem-solution
  7. Spatial
• Presents descriptions of your life or of a person, famous or not

  Biographical
• Presents related categories supporting the topic

  Categorical/Topical
• Presents cause-effect relationships


  Causal
• Presents the idea in time order

  Chronological
• Presents comparison/contrast of two or three points


  Comparison/Contrast
• Presents an identified problems, its causes, and recommended solutions


  Problem-Solution
• refers to age range, male-female ratio, educational background and affiliations or degree program taken, nationality, economic status, academic or corporate designations


  Demography
• Includes time, venue, occasion, and size


  Situation
• refers to values, beliefs, attitudes, prefernces, cultural and racial ideologies and need

  Psychology
• the stage where you collect ideas, information, sources, and references relevant or related to your specific topic

  Data Gathering
• It is a hierarchical list that shows the relationship of your ideas

  Outline
• Once outline is ready, _____ of your speech writing is finished

  two-thirds
• The foundation of the speech. You present the subject or main idea of the speech

  Introduction
• Provides explanation, examples or any details that can help you deliver your purpose and explain the main idea of your speech. Should only have ONE central idea

  Body of the Speech
• Restates the main idea of the speech. It provides a summary, emphasize the message and calls for action.

  Conclusion
• One of the punctuations marks that is most commonly misused

  Comma
• A sentence should have a subject and verb only. True or False?

  False
• Is a person's choice or selection of words

  Word Choice
• Words that you use on the characteristics of your audience

  Word Choice
• Principles of Speech Writing:

  1. Choosing the Topic
  2. Analyzing the Audience
  3. Sourcing the Information
  4. Outlining and Organizing the Information
  5. Grammatical Correctness
  6. Word Choice
  7. Duration