To be guilty of an assault, D must intentionally or recklessly cause V to apprehend immediate and unlawful force: IRELAND
Actus Reus of Assault:
There must be an act or words for an assault; an omission is not enough. In IRELAND
Actus Reus of Assault:
There must be an act or words for an assault; an omission is not enough. In IRELAND
D must by his act or words cause V to apprehend unlawful force. To ‘apprehend’ something means to be aware of it. There must be an apprehension of ‘immediate’ (i.e. there and then) force. However, it is sufficient if D does something that makes V aware that there would be unlawful force at some unpredictable moment in the near future: SMITH
Words indicating that there will be no immediate and unlawful force can prevent an act from being an assault: TUBERVILLE.
Mens rea of Assault:
The mens rea of an assault requires that D either intends or is reckless as to causing V to apprehend immediate and unlawful force: VENNA