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Unit 4: Chem
Coordination Chem, Spectroscopic/Magnetic Properties
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Cards (20)
What is a coordination sphere?
central metal
plus the
ligands
coordination to it
What is the coordination number?
number of
donor atoms
bonded to the
central metal
What are the characteristics of coordination number 2:
180
degrees, shape is
linear
What are the characteristics of the coordination number 4:
low
oxidation
number (0,+1) or d0/d10, 109.5 degrees =
tetrahedral
90 degrees and d8 = square planner
What are the characteristics of coordination number 6:
90
degrees,
octahedral
For anionic
(-) complexes, you replace the
metal
name with the stem/root with "ate" ending
What is crystal field theory?
A theory that explains the
splitting
of d orbitals in a metal complex due to the presence of
ligands.
Distance (energy) between the eg and the t2g is the
octahedral spliting
(
delta o
)
weak field ligands
leads to
smaller
delta(o) splitting
Stronger field ligands lead to a
large delta(o)
splitting
What is a spectro-chemical series?
Order
of ligands based on their ability to
split d-orbitals
in a complex.
What is Hund's rule?
Electrons fill orbitals of the
same energy level
one at a time before pairing up.
Tetrahedral complexes exhibit
tetrahedral
splitting (
delta o
)
Unpaired
spins are
paramagnetic
(attracted to magnets)
All
paired
spins are called
diamagnetic
(slightly repelled by magnets)
Interaction strengths with magnet
increases
with the number of spins
High spins
have small
delta
(o)
Low
spins have large
delta(o)
A
high
spin has more
unpaired
electrons than low spin
What's the Spectro series from weakest to strongest ligand
I- < Br- < Cl- < OH- < F- < H2O <
NH3
< en <
CN-
< CO
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