genbio pt

• Mendel's law of independent assortment


  It states that the alleles of two (or more) different genes get sorted into gametes independently of one another.
• Genotype


  The genetic makeup of an individual cell or organism that determines or contributes to its phenotype
• Incomplete Dominance


  This results when one allele is not dominant over the other.
• Chromosome Theory of Inheritance

  It is a set of genes in DNA responsible for unique traits or characteristics.
• Phenotype


  The physical appearance or characteristic of an organism.
• DNA


  It is a double-stranded molecule located in the cell nucleus, carrying the genetic information essential for life.
• Replication


  It is the process in which a cell makes an exact copy of its own DNA (copy DNA ->DNA)
• Central dogma


  The flow of genetic information in cells from DNA to mRNA to protein.
• Codon


  The genetic code is then translated every three-mRNA nucleotide to an amino acid with the help of the tRNA molecules, ribosomes, and various enzymatic factors.
• Mendelian Inheritance


  This refers to certain patterns of how traits are passed from parents to offspring.
• Carrier


  A female parent possessing one X-linked recessive mutation is considered a carrier.
• Duchenne muscular dystrophy


  It is a genetic disorder characterized by progressive muscle degeneration and weakness due to the alterations of a protein called dystrophin that helps keep muscle cells intact.
• Hemophilia


  It is usually an inherited bleeding disorder in which the blood doesn't clot properly.
• Color Blindness


  It is (color vision deficiency) that makes you see colors differently than most people.
• Hydrogen bonds


  What connects the bases of strands
• Adenine


  It is always linked with thymine, while cytosine is always linked with guanine.
• Deoxyribonucleic acid


  It is the hereditary material found in humans and all living organisms.
• Ribonucleic acid


  The second type of nucleic acid
• Transfer RNA


  It Is responsible for choosing the correct protein required by the body in-turn helping the ribosomes.
• Mitochondrial disease


  It occurs when the mitochondria in our cells fail.
• Mitochondria


  They are special compartments (organelles) in our cells that are best known for their role as powerhouses, as they break down food molecules and turn out ATP, a molecular fuel for the rest of the cell.
• Multiple alleles


  It refers to the existence of several alternative forms (alleles) of a gene within a population.
• Y linked inheritance


  It is known as the inheritance of genes on the Y chromosome.
• Replication


  It is the process in which a cell makes an exact copy of its own DNA.