van ijezedorn

• what was the aim of van ijzendoorn and kroonenberg (1988) study

  to investigate the proportions of secure, insecure-avoidant and insecure-resistant attachments across a range of countries

  
  

  also: to investigate variations within a culture by looking at differences within the same country
• what was the procedure of van ijzendoorn and kroonenberg (1988)


  researchers located 32 studies of attachment where the strange situation had been used to investigate the proportions of infants with different attachment types

  
  

  these 32 studies were conducted in 8 countries: 18 in the USA.

  
  

  over all there were results for 1990 children

  
  

  the data for all of these studies were meta-analysed, results being combined and weighted for sample size
• what is meta analysis

  pooling data from multiple existing studies to arrive at one combined answer instead of conducting your own study
• what did they find when comparing variations within countries to variation between countries

  variations within the same country were 150% greater than those between countries

  
  

  eg. in the USA, one study found only 46% securely attached compared to one sample as high as 90%
• what were the findings of van ijzendoorn and kroonenberg (1988)

  there was a wide variation between the proportions of attachment types in different studies
• what did they find for securely attached children

  in all countries, secure attachment was the most common classification- however varied from 75% in Britain to 50% in China
• what did they find for insecure resistant children

  insecure-resistant was overall the least common type although proportions ranged from 3% in Britain to around 30% in Israel
• what did they find for insecure avoidant children

  insecure-avoidant attachments were observed most commonly in germany and least commonly in japan
• van ijzendoorn and kroonenbergs findings summary

  Analysed 32 strange situation studies to find that secure attachment is most common universally but western countries show more insecure-avoidant and eastern countries show more insecure-resistant