An issue with the explanation of the fight or flight response is that it does not explain the stress response in females. For example, research has found that women are more likely to protect their offspring (tend) and form alliances with other women (befriend) than to fight or run away. This suggests there is a gender (beta) bias, as the fight or flight response assumes that men and women respond in the same way to a threatening situation prior to this research, limiting the explanation of the fight or flight response.