Ions

• ion- atom that gains or loses electrons
• Cation-

  ✓ positively charged ion

  ✓ when atom loses an electron, there will be less electrons

  ✓ metallic
• cation- Protons>electrons
• Anion

  ✓ negatively charged ion

  ✓ when an atom gains an electron, there will be more electrons

  ✓ non-metallic
• anion- protons<electrons
• Niels Bohr- proposed that electrons orbit the nucleus in shells of fixed distance
• Cu^1= Cuprous Ion
• Cu^2= cupric ion
• cation- positive- giver
• anion- negative- receiver
• ionic bond- an electrostatic attraction between two atoms where one atom transfers an electron to the other atom
• Such a bond forms when the valence (outermost) electrons of one atom are transferred permanently to another atom. The atom that loses the electrons becomes a positively charged ion (cation), while the one that gains them becomes a negatively charged ion (anion).
• Ions are: atoms with a positive or negative charge
• A model of an atom that shows all of the electrons in their energy levels (shells) is called: Bohr Model
• When an atom loses a valence electron, it becomes a(n) _____ ion.- positive
• Atoms are most stable when their outer shell is filled with electrons.- always true
• Anions are _____ that form _____ ions and _____ electrons.- nonmetals- negative- gain
• What is the charge of an atom that has lost one electron? - +1
• Ionic bonds form between two ions that have- opposite charges
• Nitrogen will_____ valence electrons when forming an ionic bond.- gain 3
• If an element has 3 valence electrons, what charge will likely form on its ion?- +3
• Find the number of neutrons in a Zn2+ ion. The mass number is 70.- 40