Earth structure

• The core consists of two parts - an inner solid core and an outer liquid core.
• The mantle is the layer between the crust and the core, consisting mostly of magma (molten rock) and solid rock.
• The mantle is composed primarily of silicate minerals and has a thickness of approximately 2900 km.
• The inner core is made up of iron and nickel, while the outer core consists mainly of liquid iron and nickel.
• Mantle convection occurs due to differences in temperature and density, with hotter material rising and colder material sinking.
• The Earth's mantle consists mostly of silicate minerals such as olivine, pyroxene, garnet, and spinel.
• Convection currents occur because hotter material rises while colder material sinks.
• P-waves travel faster than S-waves due to their longitudinal wave nature.
• The speed of seismic waves depends on the elastic properties of rocks.