Acids and Bases

• acids

  • pH less than 7
  • turn litmus paper red
  • taste sour
  • sting or just feel wet
  • include fruit juices, soda, and coffee
• bases

  • pH greater than 7
  • turn litmus paper blue
  • taste bitter or soapy
  • feel slippery
  • include baking soda, ammonia, and soap
• alkali means base
• "H" is a clue for acid
• if there is an oxygen it will be a base
• Arrhenius acid- H+^

  Arrhenius base- (OH)-^
• if acid and base reacts= water+salt
• Ph

  
• Feels slippery- base
• Turns litmus red- acid
• Corrosive- acid
• Tastes bitter- base
• Forms hydroxide ions (OH-) in water- base
• pH less than 7- acids
• pH equal to 7- pure water
• _________________can resist the change of pH when you add acids or bases- buffers
• The pH scale is based off of the concentration of _________ ions- hydrogen
• What is a solution that has an excess of hydroxide (OH-) ions?- base
• Acids are found on the pH scale between which numbers? 0-7
• sample of pure water is neutral because it contains- equal amounts of hydroxide and hydrogen ions
• BASE + ACID ----> SALT +? water
• An organic substance that changes color in the presence of an acid or base- indicator
• Which food is the most acidic?- lemon juice
• According to the pH range which substance is more acidic than lemon juice- Hydrochloric acid
• Which statement about Arrhenius acids is FALSE? D

  A.Their water solutions are called aqueous acids.

  B. They are molecular compounds with ionizable hydrogen atoms.

  C. Their pure aqueous solutions are electrolytes.

  D. They increase the concentration of hydroxide ions in aqueous solution.
• The pH of a 0.001 M solution of HCl is- 3
• The pH of a solution is 2.0. What is the [OH-] concentration? 1x10-12M
• An acid/base reaction always produces: H2O and NaCl