6 Agrarian Reform

• Chieftains


  Comprised the nobility who ruled the settlements
• Social classes

  • Freemen
  • Serfs
  • Slaves
• Social structure


  Everyone has access to the fruits of the soil
• Medium of exchange

  Rice, as money was yet unknown
• Encomienda


  System of giving lands (Royal Land Grants) to Spanish conquerors loyal to the Spanish monarch
• Encomienderos


  • Defend encomienda from external attack, maintain peace and order within, and support the missionaries
  • Given the right to collect taxes (tribute) from the indios (natives)
• Agrarian Revolt


  1. Happened between 1745 and 1746 in Batangas, Laguna, Cavite, and Bulacan

  2. Happened in the towns of Lian and Nasugbu in Batangas
• General Emilio Aguinaldo came to power in 1899


  Malolos Constitution intended to confiscate Friar lands and other large estates
• The Philippine Bill of 1902 set ceilings on the hectarage of private individuals to 16 hectares, and 1,024 for corporations
• Land Registration Act of 1902


  Provided for a comprehensive registration of land titles under the Torrens system
• The Public Land Act of 1903


  Introduced the homestead system in the Philippines
• The Tenancy Act of 1933


  Regulated relationships between landowners and tenants of rice (50-50 sharing) and sugar cane lands
• The Land Registration Act of 1902 did not completely solve the problem of land registration under the Torrens system because the land owners might not have been aware of the law or that they could not pay the survey cost and other fees required in applying for a Torrens title
• President Manuel L. Quezon


  Advocated the Social Justice program to block the increasing social unrest in Central Luzon
• The 1935 Constitution


  Provided for the promotion of social justice to ensure the well-being and economic security of all people
• Commonwealth Act No. 178


  Enacted on Nov. 13, 1936, provided for certain controls in the landlord-tenant relationships
• The National Rice and Corn Corporation (NARIC) of 1936


  Established the price of rice and corn that helped the poor tenants as well as consumers
• Commonwealth Act. No. 461, 1937


  Specified the reasons for dismissal of tenants and only with the approval of the Tenancy Division of the Department of Justice
• The Rural Program Administration


  Created on March 2, 1939, provided the purchase and lease of haciendas and their sale and lease to the tenants
• Commonwealth Act No. 441


  Enacted on June 3, 1939, created the National Settlement Administration with a capital stock of P20,000,000
• Started in Europe in 1939 and in the Pacific in 1941

  Second World War
• HUKBALAHAP


  Controlled the areas of Central Luzon during the Second World War