statistics II

• What does the spread of a distribution indicate about the data?

  It indicates how much variability there is in the data.
• How does the spread of a distribution relate to the mean?

  It gives an idea of how much the data values differ from each other and from the mean.
• What is the definition of range in statistics?

  The difference between the maximum and minimum values.
• What does the Interquartile Range (IQR) represent?

  The range of the middle 50% of the data.
• How is the Interquartile Range (IQR) calculated?

  As the difference between the third quartile (Q3) and the first quartile (Q1).
• What does deviation from the mean refer to?


  How far each data point is from the mean of the data set.
• What is Mean Absolute Deviation?


  The average of the absolute deviations from the mean.
• What does Standard Deviation measure?

  The amount of variation or dispersion of a set of values.
• How is Standard Deviation calculated?

  It is the square root of the variance.
• What does standardizing a variable involve?

  Transforming the variable so it has a mean of 0 and a standard deviation of 1.
• Why is standardizing a variable useful?

  It allows for comparing different data sets.
• What does the five-number summary provide?

  A quick overview of the distribution of a data set.
• What are the components of the five-number summary?

  Minimum, First Quartile (Q1), Median (Q2), Third Quartile (Q3), Maximum.
• What does a boxplot visually represent?

  The five-number summary along with potential outliers.
• What does density refer to in statistics?

  How closely packed the data points are in a distribution.
• How is density often visualized in statistics?

  Using a density plot.
• What is Kernel Density Estimation (KDE)?


  A non-parametric way to estimate the probability density function of a random variable.
• What are the percentiles included in the five-number summary?

  First Quartile (Q1), Median (Q2), Third Quartile (Q3).
• Why is it important to standardize variables?

  It allows for comparison between different data sets.