Bio

• What is the primary function of the cell membrane?

  The cell membrane is selectively permeable.
• What does it mean for a membrane to be selectively permeable?

  It means that the membrane only allows some molecules to move through based on size and concentration.
• What is passive transport?

  Passive transport is the movement of molecules along a concentration gradient that does not require energy.
• What is a concentration gradient?

  A concentration gradient is the difference in concentration between two solutions.
• What are examples of passive transport?


  Examples of passive transport include diffusion and osmosis.
• What is diffusion?


  Diffusion is the movement of molecules down a concentration gradient from a higher concentration to a lower concentration without requiring energy.
• If a glucose solution has a concentration of 1.0 M/L and another has 0.1 M/L, which direction will glucose move during diffusion?

  Glucose will move from the 1.0 M/L solution to the 0.1 M/L solution.
• What happens to a plant cell when it becomes turgid?

  A plant cell becomes turgid when the concentration of water outside the cell is higher than inside.
• What happens to a plant cell when it shrinks?

  A plant cell shrinks when the concentration of water inside the cell is higher than outside.
• Why do red blood cells burst when placed in pure water?

  Red blood cells burst in pure water because they lack a cell wall.
• What is active transport?

  Active transport is the movement of molecules against a concentration gradient from a lower concentration to a higher concentration, requiring energy.
• What energy molecule is required for active transport?

  Active transport requires energy in the form of ATP.
• What is osmosis?


  Osmosis is the movement of water from a higher concentration to a lower concentration across a selectively permeable membrane.
• How does osmosis affect animal cells compared to plant cells?

  Animal cells can burst in pure water, while plant cells do not due to their cell wall.
• What happens to a red blood cell in a solution with the same concentration as its cytoplasm?

  A red blood cell remains unchanged in a solution with the same concentration as its cytoplasm.
• What is the effect of a sugar/salt solution on red blood cells?


  A red blood cell shrinks in a sugar/salt solution if the concentration inside the cell is higher than outside.