Federalism characteristics

    Cards (13)

    • Type of federalism used from the 1790's to 1930's?
      Dual federalism
    • Features of dual federalism?
      State and federal government are equal . Distinct policy and power boundaries of each government . The state did the majority of governing and was supported by SCOTUS rulings .
    • What ended dual federalism?
      The new deal , as a response to the Wall St crash federal powers are expanded to aid states .
    • Type of federalism used from the 1930's to 1960's?
      Cooperative federalism .
    • Features of Cooperative federalism?
      Federal government has greater influence over states through work schemes, employment laws, unemployment benefits and schools
    • Type of federalism from the 1960's to 2000's?
      New federalism
    • Features of dual federalism?
      Typically republican presidents calling to reduce federal power. Nixon initially called for a ' new federalism ' Largely it is similar to cooperative federalism.
    • What analogy is used for dual federalism?
      Compared to a layer cake , due to dual federalism's clear jurisdictions and divisions between governments .
    • What analogy is used for cooperative federalism?
      Know as the Marble cake federalism due to mixing of programmes and authority .
    • Evidence of federalism in action?
      1. Legality of the death penalty in 29 states and illegal in 21 , shows federalism is working in law and order
      2. Taxation lies within states jurisdiction , some states have extremely low tax rates e.g 0% tax rate on sales in Delaware whereas 13% in California
      3. Bidens vaccine mandate , employees in a company over 100 must be vaccinated - over half states sued Biden administration , SCOTUS strikes decision down
    • How is federalism mentioned in the constitution?

      Federalism isnt explicitly mentioned in the constitution , but rather is implied by how the powers of state and federal government are set out .
    • What can the federalist government use to gain implied powers?
      The elastic clause
    • What can the state governments use in the constitution to protect their rights?
      The 10th amendment , which protects state powers by reserving all powers not explicitly given to federal government to states .
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